乌克兰的惊艳闪电战反攻美国官员周一表示，在该国东北部的战斗已经击溃了俄罗斯军队，并继续取得快速进展，在某些情况下将俄罗斯军队赶回了俄罗斯。
虽然他们承认美国军事援助和装备的持续流入帮助“改变了战场动态”，但官员们也很快赞扬了乌克兰军方在战场上使用装备的方式，以及对最终发动进攻所需武器的预测。
尽管外界对期待已久的乌克兰在南部针对赫尔松市的攻势知之甚少突袭乌克兰的攻势在哈尔科夫市附近发射导致了戏剧性的转折。
美国官员说，在几天之内，乌克兰军队夺回了乌克兰东北部多达1200平方英里的领土，这些领土曾被俄罗斯占领数月，从哈尔科夫向东推进了40英里。乌克兰从哈尔科夫向北推进，已经逼近与俄罗斯的边境10英里，俄罗斯军队在俄罗斯国防部所谓的部队“重组”中匆忙撤退。
一名美国高级军事官员周一告诉记者，“在哈尔科夫附近的地面上，我们评估认为，俄罗斯军队已经基本上将他们的成果让给了乌克兰人，然后撤到了北部和东部。”"这些部队中有许多已经越过边境进入俄罗斯。"
A Ukranian soldier stands atop an abandoned Russian tank near a village on the outskirts of Izyum, Kharkiv Region, eastern Ukraine, Sept. 11, 2022. Ukraine forces said they took back more ground in the past 24 hours, from Russia and the territorial shifts were...Show moreundefined
胡安·巴雷托/法新社
“我们还评估称，乌克兰军队很可能已经控制了库皮安斯克和伊祖姆，以及一些较小的村庄，”这名官员说。这两个城市对俄罗斯在乌克兰东部的军事行动都很重要，尤其是伊兹尤姆，在对顿巴斯地区长达数月的进攻中，伊兹尤姆一直被用作主要的后勤枢纽。
“我们已经看到乌克兰人在很大程度上利用了他们在战场上拥有的改变战场动态的能力，”这名官员补充道，他指的是美国和其他国家向乌克兰提供的军事能力。
自2月下旬俄罗斯入侵乌克兰以来，美国已经提供了145亿美元的军事装备，包括标枪反坦克武器、毒刺便携式防空导弹、榴弹炮和远程HIMARS火箭(高机动性火炮火箭系统)，其射程可以达到敌后40多英里。
虽然美国军方官员称这种援助“非常有帮助”，但这位官员对乌克兰军方大加赞赏。
“大部分功劳，如果不是大部分的话，都要归功于乌克兰人以及他们为利用这些能力所做的努力，”这位官员说。
一名美国高级国防官员称赞乌克兰与美国的沟通，以预测它需要什么装备来对抗俄罗斯，例如请求榴弹炮来对抗他们预计的“俄罗斯打算发动的火炮战”，以接管顿巴斯地区。
紧接着，乌克兰要求对抗俄罗斯在远程火箭系统方面的优势，并在敌后建立主要的后勤中心和军事总部。
“那时我们开始关注提供HIMARS和GMLR系统(HIMARS发射的火箭)的能力，”该官员说。“因此，这绝对是一种伙伴关系，通过倾听他们对所见所闻的理解，然后看看我们能做些什么来为他们提供解决这些问题的能力。”
上周，参谋长联席会议主席马克·米利将军表示，美国提供了“数千枚”HIMARS系统发射的远程火箭，乌克兰用这些火箭打击了敌后的400多个俄罗斯目标，包括弹药库、后勤中心和军事总部。
“它们产生了毁灭性的影响，”米莉上周在德国说。“俄罗斯的通信线路和供应渠道严重紧张。这对俄罗斯投射和维持战斗力的能力产生了直接影响。”
“总部的俄罗斯指挥和控制已经被破坏，他们很难再补给他们的部队和补充他们的战斗损失，”他补充说。
How much has US military aid helped Ukraine's stunning offensive?
Ukraine's stunningblitzkrieg counteroffensivein the northeastern part of the country has routed Russian forces and continues to make rapid progress, in some cases pushing back Russian troops back into Russia, U.S. officials said Monday.
While they acknowledge that the constant flow of U.S. military aid and equipment has helped "change the battlefield dynamics," the officials also have been quick to praise Ukraine's military for how it has employed the equipment on the battlefield and for anticipating what weapons it would need to eventually launch the offensive.
While there are few details of the long-anticipated Ukrainian offensive in the south targeting the city of Kherson, thesurprise Ukrainian offensivelaunched near the city of Kharkiv has led to a dramatic turn of events.
In a matter of days, U.S. officials said, Ukrainian military forces have retaken as much as 1,200 square miles of territory in northeastern Ukraine once held by Russia for months, pushing eastward from Kharkiv as far as 40 miles. The Ukrainian advance northward from Kharkiv has come as close as 10 miles to the border with Russia as Russian troops hastily retreated in what Russia's defense ministry called a "regrouping" of forces.
"On the ground in the vicinity of Kharkiv, we assess that Russian forces have largely ceded their gains to the Ukrainians and then withdrawn to the north and east," a senior U.S. military official told reporters Monday. "Many of these forces have moved over the border into Russia."
"We also assess that Ukrainian forces have very likely taken control of Kupiansk and Izyum in addition to smaller villages," said the official. Both cities were important to Russian military operations in eastern Ukraine, particularly Izyum, which had been used as the main logistical hub for its months-long assault on the Donbass region.
"We've seen the Ukrainians use to great effect, the capabilities that they have across the battlefield to change the battlefield dynamics," the official added, referring to military capabilities provided to Ukraine by the United States and other countries.
Since Russia invaded Ukraine in late February, the United States has provided $14.5 billion in military equipment, including Javelin anti-tank weapons, Stinger portable anti-aircraft missiles, howitzer artillery, and the long-range HIMARS rockets (High Mobility Artillery Rocket Systems) that can reach more than 40 miles behind enemy lines.
While that assistance was described by the U.S. military official as being "incredibly helpful," the official directed praise at Ukraine's military.
"Much of the credit, if not most of it goes to the Ukrainians and what they're doing to employ these capabilities," said the official.
A senior U.S. defense official complimented Ukraine's communications with the United States to anticipate what gear it would need against Russia, such as requesting howitzer artillery to counter what they expected to be an "artillery battle the Russians intended to wage" to take over the Donbass region.
That was soon followed by Ukraine's request for a counter to Russia's advantage in long range rocket systems and its establishment of major logistical hubs and military headquarters far behind enemy lines.
"That's when we started focusing on the ability of providing the HIMARS and GMLR systems (the rockets fired by HIMARS)," said the official. "So, it is absolutely a partnership and in listening to the understanding of what they're seeing, and then seeing what we can do to provide them with capabilities to address that."
Last week, Joint Chiefs of Staff Chairman Gen. Mark Milley said that the United States had provided "thousands" of the long-range rockets fired by the HIMARS systems that Ukraine has used to strike at more than 400 Russian targets behind enemy lines, including ammunition depots, logistical hubs, and military headquarters.
"They've had devastating effect," Milley said in Germany last week. "Russian lines of communication and supply channels are severely strained. It is having a direct impact on the Russian ability to project and sustain combat power."
"Russian command and control in the headquarters have been disrupted and they're having great difficulty resupplying their forces and replacing their combat losses," he added.
