五角大楼一直在提供俄罗斯入侵乌克兰和乌克兰抵抗努力的每日更新。
以下是一名美国高级国防官员周二对记者的讲话要点:
俄罗斯军队大部分仍然完好无损
据该官员称，几乎所有为入侵而部署在乌克兰边境的俄罗斯部队现在都已经进入。尽管在战斗中损失了军队、地面车辆和飞机，官方估计这些部队仍有大约95%完好无损。
俄罗斯在北部的地面努力停滞不前
据该官员称，俄罗斯军队近几天在基辅进展甚微。
“我们继续看到乌克兰的抵抗努力在减缓俄罗斯人的速度，特别是在北部，”这名官员说。
该官员说，另一个因素是，“他们似乎仍然受到后勤和维持挑战的困扰”，包括燃料和食品短缺。
五角大楼还继续看到俄罗斯在北部城市切尔尼戈夫和哈尔科夫的战斗和抵抗。
evgeniy Maloletka/美联社
2022年3月8日，乌克兰马里乌波尔，人们在接受人道主义援助。
前往基辅的俄罗斯主力部队似乎能够到达的最远的地方是霍斯托梅尔机场，这是一个位于该市西北约20英里处的激烈战斗地点。
但这位官员表示，他们的意图很明显:“我们仍然有充分的理由评估，他们的努力是包围并迫使基辅投降。”
一种新的俄罗斯方式出现了
这名官员说，在这些先遣部队之外，俄罗斯向首都推进的趋势正在东北部出现，就在Sumy镇的上方。这些部队距离基辅大约37英里。
俄罗斯人试图在这座城市“散播恐惧和混乱”
尽管主要入侵力量尚未抵达基辅，但该官员“无法反驳”有关俄罗斯“侦察部队”和乌克兰军队在基辅市内发生小规模孤立冲突的报道。
“我们认为这些基辅街头战斗的报道实际上是他们努力播种恐惧和混乱的结果，并试图为以后可能发生的事情做准备，”这名官员说。
对平民的袭击仍在继续
该官员称，由于地面努力受挫，俄罗斯的空中和导弹袭击正在增加。
“不管是有意还是无意，他们都在袭击军事和政府基础设施以及居民区和平民目标，”该官员说。
俄罗斯人认为南方更成功
该官员称，正在向克里米亚西北部推进的俄罗斯军队距离Mykolayiv约25英里。这位官员指出，虽然有人猜测，在Mykolayiv的举动是为了让部队准备好从北方攻击港口城市敖德萨，因为两栖部队从海岸进攻，“我们没有看到任何两栖登陆的证据”。
在亚速海沿岸，俄军已经孤立了马里乌波尔，并继续对其进行远程攻击轰炸。随着更多部队从顿涅茨克推进，在入侵的第二天，数千名在两栖登陆中上岸的部队正从西南方向逼近这座城市。
工作正常的美俄反冲突线
上周，五角大楼新闻秘书约翰·柯比(John Kirby)宣布，它已经与俄罗斯建立了一条“消除冲突线”，以“减少误判的可能性，并试图缓和紧张局势，因为乌克兰上空有争议的空域现在正与北约领空发生碰撞。”
这位高级国防官员表示，截至周二，两国已使用该线路约12次，但迄今为止仅用于测试电话，以确保“有人在另一端接听”
任何提议的禁飞区都有问题
“乌克兰北部和南部的大部分空域都在俄罗斯地对空导弹能力的保护之下，”这名官员说。
95% of Putin's forces still intact, plan to surround Kyiv: Pentagon update
The Pentagon has been providing daily updates on the Russian invasion of Ukraine and Ukraine's efforts to resist.
Here are highlights of what a senior U.S. defense official told reporters on Tuesday:
Russian forces mostly still intact
Nearly all Russian forces arrayed at the Ukrainian border for the invasion have now gone in, according to the official. Despite losing troops, ground vehicles and aircraft in the fighting, the official estimated these forces remain roughly 95% intact.
Russian ground efforts stalled in the north
Russian troops approaching Kyiv have made little progress in recent days, according to the official.
"We continue to see Ukrainian resistance efforts slow down the Russians, particularly in the north," the official said.
Another factor is that "they still seem to be plagued by logistics and sustainment challenges," including fuel and food shortages, the official said.
The Pentagon also continues to see fighting and resistance against the Russian advance in the northern cities of Chernihiv and Kharkiv.
The farthest the main Russian force heading to Kyiv seems to have been able to reach is Hostomel Airport, a site of intense combat some 20 miles northwest of the city.
But their intent is clear, the official said: "We still have every reason to assess that their effort is to encircle and force the surrender of Kiev."
A new Russian approach emerges
Further out than those advance troops, a Russian push toward the capital is emerging in the northeast, just above the town of Sumy, the official said. These troops are roughly 37 miles from Kyiv.
Russians try to "sow fear and confusion" in the city
While the main invading force has not reached Kyiv, the official was in "no position to refute" reports of minor, isolated skirmishes between Russian "reconnaissance elements" and Ukrainian forces inside the city.
"We think that these reports of street fighting in Kyiv are really the result of their efforts to sow fear and confusion and and try to set the stage for what could be coming later," the official said.
Strikes on civilians continue
Russian air and missile attacks are increasing as their ground effort has been frustrated, according to the official.
"Whether intentionally or not, they're hitting military and government infrastructure as well as residential areas and civilian targets," the official said.
Russians see more success in the south
Russian troops advancing to the northwest out of Crimea are about 25 miles from Mykolayiv, the official said. The official noted that while there is speculation that the move on Mykolayiv is meant to put troops in position to attack the port city of Odessa from the north as amphibious troops assault from the coast, "we don't see any evidence of amphibious landings" at this point.
On the Sea of Azov coast, Russian forces have isolated Mariupol and continue to bombard it with long-range attacks. Thousands of troops put ashore in an amphibious landing on the second day of the invasion are approaching the city from the southwest as more troops push down from Donetsk.
U.S.-Russia deconfliction line in working order
Last week Pentagon press secretary John Kirby announced it had set up a "deconfliction line" with Russia to "reduce the chances of miscalculations and try to bring down the tensions as that contested airspace over Ukraine now bumps up against NATO airspace."
The senior defense official said that as of Tuesday, the two countries have used the line about a dozen times, but so far only for test calls to make sure "somebody's picking up on the other end."
A problem for any proposed no-fly zone
"Much of the airspace of Ukraine, north and south, is under some umbrella of Russian surface-to-air missile capability," the official said.
