根据美国疾病控制和预防中心(Centers for Disease Control and Prevention)周四发表的一项新研究，在omicron变种在纽约市的一次会议上传播后，助推器有助于降低感染该变种的风险。

在报告中，作者描述了“2021年11月19日至21日在纽约举行的一次大型室内会议……约有53，000名来自美国52个司法管辖区和30个外国的与会者。”

虽然这个会议从来没有被命名，但这个描述与那几天在曼哈顿贾维茨中心举行的纽约动漫大会相吻合。

总的来说报告发现受到鼓舞的与会者不太可能感染新冠肺炎病毒，一小部分家庭接触者后来检测呈阳性。

疾病控制中心，美国广播公司新闻

按支持者状态划分的纽约动漫参展者中的新冠肺炎案例

根据大会规则，与会者被要求接受过至少一剂新冠肺炎疫苗，并在室内佩戴口罩。

报道称，明尼苏达州卫生部于12月2日向疾病预防控制中心报告了第一例患者A，他曾飞往纽约市参加会议。

为了这份报告，疾病预防控制中心与MDH和全国各地的州和地方部门合作，采访了患者A，以及他的29名密切接触者中的23名，他们来自13个州，也参加了会议。

患者A曾于11月18日去过纽约市。根据作者的说法，他已经完全接种了疫苗，并在11月初接受了加强注射。

然而，报告称，他于11月22日出现症状，随后新冠肺炎检测呈阳性，之后他通知了所有密切接触者。

在接触的23名与会者中，16人的病毒检测呈阳性，相当于70%的攻击率。

根据报告，所有的接触者都完全接种了疫苗，但只有11人在参加会议前接受了加强剂量。作者指出，加强剂量降低了新冠肺炎检测呈阳性的几率。

没有接受加强免疫的12人中有10人(83%)病毒检测呈阳性，而检测呈阳性的11人中有6人(55%)接受了加强免疫，这意味着加强免疫的人感染的几率减少了1.5倍。

“这项调查的数据加强了新冠肺炎加强剂量和早期通知与其他多组分预防措施相结合的重要性，以限制传播和预防奥米克隆和其他新型冠状病毒变种的严重疾病，”作者写道。

此外，根据该报告，在20名自称在大会期间一直戴口罩的联系人中，有15人的检测结果呈阳性。

 

kena betan cur/法新社

盛装出席者在纽约动漫节雅各布·k·贾维茨会展中心休息...

最近，疾控中心表示，N95口罩更有效比外科口罩和布质口罩更能预防奥米克隆变种的感染。

所有报告新冠肺炎感染的与会者表示，他们经历了至少一种症状，平均持续时间为11天。报道称，最常见的症状包括鼻塞、疲劳、咳嗽和喉咙痛。

报告称，在参加完会议回家后，16名与会者暴露了20名没有参加会议的家庭联系人。

作者指出，总的来说，99%的家庭接触者完全接种了疫苗，50%接受了加强剂量。

在随后接受检测的18名家庭接触者中，有6人(33%)获得了阳性结果，其中包括4名接受了加强剂治疗的人。

作者指出，尽管完全接种了疫苗，但COVID测试呈阳性的人表明omicron有能力-至少部分地-逃避疫苗提供的保护。

“然而，在这一群体中，疾病相对较轻，这与接种疫苗的感染者不太可能经历严重疾病的证据相一致，”他们写道。

根据该报告，积极的家庭接触者中有两人是大会与会者的父母，两人是祖父母，两人是兄弟姐妹。

六个家庭接触者中的四个说他们有少于五个症状，最常见的是鼻塞、疲劳、咳嗽、流鼻涕和味觉变化。

报告称，在家庭接触组的参与者组中，没有任何接受阳性检测的人住院或死亡。

总体而言，根据作者的说法，五名参与者的样本和三名家庭接触者的样本进行了基因组测序，并被确认与omicron变异体有关。

作者表示，该报告存在局限性，包括一些参加会议的人使用家庭抗原测试而不是实验室PCR测试来确认阴性结果。

由于快速检测比实验室检测更有可能报告假阴性，一些COVID病例可能会被遗漏。

此外，由于无法联系到患者A的七名密切接触者进行访谈，结果可能会有偏差。

然而，研究人员表示，该报告显示了充分接种疫苗和加强免疫以及室内防护的重要性，以防止omicron变种的感染以及严重疾病和死亡。

Omicron spread quickly at convention in New York City -- but boosters helped

Boosters helped reduce the risk of contracting the omicron variant after it spread at a convention in New York City, according to a new study published by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Thursday.

In the report, the authors describe "a large indoor convention in New York … with approximately 53,000 attendees from 52 U.S. jurisdictions and 30 foreign countries during Nov. 19 - 21, 2021."

Although the convention is never named, the description matches the Anime NYC convention that was held at the Javits Center in Manhattan over those dates.

Overall, thereportfound that convention attendees who were boosted were less likely to contract COVID-19 and that a small percentage of household contacts later tested positive.

According to convention rules, attendees were required to have received at least one COVID-19 vaccine dose and wear masks indoors.

The first case was reported to the CDC by the Minnesota Department of Health on Dec. 2 in a man -- called Patient A -- who had flown to New York City for the convention, the report said.

For the report, the CDC teamed up with the MDH and state and local departments across the country interviewing Patient A, and 23 of his 29 close contacts from 13 states who also attended the convention.

Patient A had traveled to New York City on November 18. He was fully vaccinated and received a booster shot earlier in November, according to the authors.

However, he developed symptoms on Nov. 22 and subsequently tested positive for COVID-19, after which he notified all his close contacts, the report said.

Of the 23 attendees contacted, 16 tested positive for the virus, equating to an attack rate of 70%.

All the contacts were fully vaccinated, but only 11 had received a booster dose before going to the convention, according to the report. The authors indicate that having a booster dose lowered the odds of testing positive for COVID-19.

Ten of the 12 people, or 83%, who didn't receive a booster tested positive for the virus while six of the 11 people, 55%, who tested positive were boosted, meaning there were 1.5 times fewer infections in boosted individuals.

"Data from this investigation reinforce the importance of COVID-19 booster doses and early notification in combination with other multicomponent prevention measures to limit transmission and prevent severe illness from omicron and other SARS-CoV-2 variants," the authors wrote.

Additionally, 15 of the 20 contacts who said they always wore a mask during the convention tested positive anyway, according to the report.

Recently, the CDC has stated that N95 masksare more effectiveat preventing infection with the omicron variant than surgical masks and cloth masks.

All of attendees who reported COVID-19 infections said they experienced at least one symptom, with median duration lasting 11 days. The most commonly reported symptoms included nasal congestion, fatigue, cough and sore throat, the report said.

After returning home from the convention, 16 of the attendees exposed 20 household contacts who did not attend the convention, the report said.

In total, 99% of the household contacts were fully vaccinated and 50% had received a booster dose, the authors noted.

Of the 18 household contacts who were subsequently tested, six, or 33%, received positive results, including four who had received boosters.

The authors noted that people testing positive for COVID despite being fully vaccinated demonstrates omicron's ability to -- at least partially -- evade the protection offered by vaccines.

"However, illness was relatively mild among this cohort, consistent with evidence that vaccinated persons with infections are less likely to experience serious illness," they wrote.

Two of the positive household contacts were parents of the convention attendees, two were grandparents and two were siblings, according to the report.

Four of the six household contacts said they had fewer than five symptoms with the most common being nasal congestion, fatigue, cough, runny nose and change in taste.

No hospitalizations or deaths were reported among anyone who received a positive test either in the attendee group in the household contact group, the report said.

Overall, five of the attendees' samples and three from the household contacts underwent genomic sequencing and were confirmed to be linked to the omicron variant, according to the authors.

The authors said there are limitations to the report including that some people who attended the convention used at-home antigen tests rather than laboratory PCR tests to confirm a negative result.

Because rapid tests are more likely to report false negatives than lab tests, some COVID cases may have been missed.

Additionally, because seven of Patient A's close contacts could not be reached for interviews, results may be skewed.

However, the researchers say the report shows the importance of getting fully vaccinated and boosted, as well as masking indoors, to prevent infection from the omicron variant as well as severe disease and death.