2019-09-02 14:46 美国新闻网 - 3446
得克萨斯州周日生效的一项新法案规定,发送未经请求的裸照是非法的。该州与约会应用班布尔(Bumble)合作,打击未经接收者同意发送露骨色情照片的罪犯,已将通过包括应用程序和信息服务在内的数字平台分享此类照片定为犯罪。
今年早些时候,州代表摩根·迈耶与约会应用合作制定了众议院法案2789。新法律于9月1日生效。
法律禁止“技术支持的性骚扰”,将发送不必要的明确图像定为丙类轻罪,最高可被罚款500美元。
“许多人——尤其是女性——通过文本或社交媒体获得不想要的露骨色情图片。“这太恶心了,”德克萨斯州州长格雷格·艾伯特在8月23日的推特上写道,“现在,这在德克萨斯州是非法的。”
许多人——尤其是女性——通过文本或社交媒体获得不想要的色情图片。 太恶心了。 现在,这在德克萨斯州是非法的。# t法律pic.twitter.com/Uga0QL4FbL —格雷格·艾伯特(@格雷格·艾伯特_德克萨斯州)2019年8月23日
许多人——尤其是女性——通过文本或社交媒体获得不想要的色情图片。 太恶心了。 现在,这在德克萨斯州是非法的。# t法律pic.twitter.com/Uga0QL4FbL
“如果一个人故意通过电子手段传送描述任何从事性行为的人或暴露或遮盖处于明显肿胀状态的男性生殖器的人的亲密部分的视觉材料,即构成犯罪;并且不是应收件人的请求或在收件人明确同意的情况下发送的州。
该法律适用于短信、电子邮件、约会应用和社交媒体通讯,KDFW福克斯4新闻据报告的星期五。
班布尔公司的首席执行官惠特尼·沃尔夫·赫德在得克萨斯州的公司进行了一项研究后联系了代表迈耶,研究显示三分之一的女性收到了主动提供的性照片,96%的接受者不喜欢收到这些照片。
“他们有很多人在使用这个应用程序抱怨这些图片的发送,他们很快意识到没有追索权,”迈耶告诉当地新闻站。
“我们把所有的时间都花在这个数字世界上,这基本上是一个没有规则的社会。我们呼吁我们的同行——社交网络、信息应用程序和各种互联网公司——提高他们的标准,并使用他们的条款和条件来坚决反对数字猥亵暴露,”赫德在8月份说采访炼油厂29号。
皮尤研究中心2017年的一项调查发现,女性在网上遭受性骚扰的案例比男性多,大约五分之一的女性报告受到骚扰,而男性不到十分之一。超过53%在网上受到骚扰的女性表示,有人向她们发送了她们没有要求的清晰图片。
其他有类似法律将网上性骚扰定为犯罪的州包括华盛顿、宾夕法尼亚和新泽西。
Texas has made sending unsolicited nude photos illegal with a new bill that went into effect on Sunday. Teaming up with the dating application Bumble to crack down on offenders who send sexually explicit pictures without the receiver's consent, the state has criminalized sharing such photos via digital platforms, including apps and messaging services.
State Representative Morgan Meyer formulated House Bill 2789 earlier this year in collaboration with the dating app. The new law went into effect on September 1.
The law forbids "technology enabled sexual harassment," making sending unwanted explicit imagery a Class C misdemeanor with a penalty of up to $500.
"Many people – especially women – get unwanted sexually explicit pictures by text or social media. It's disgusting," Texas Governor Greg Abbott wrote in a Twitter post on August 23, "Now, it's illegal in Texas."
Many people—especially women—get unwanted sexually explicit pictures by text or social media. It’s disgusting. Now, it’s illegal in Texas. #txlegepic.twitter.com/Uga0QL4FbL — Greg Abbott (@GregAbbott_TX) August 23, 2019
Many people—especially women—get unwanted sexually explicit pictures by text or social media. It’s disgusting. Now, it’s illegal in Texas. #txlegepic.twitter.com/Uga0QL4FbL
"A person commits an offense if the person knowingly transmits by electronic means visual material that depicts any person engaging in sexual conduct or with the person's intimate parts exposed or covered genitals of a male person that are in a discernibly turgid state; and is not sent at the request of or with the express consent of the recipient," the bill states.
The law applies to text messages, email, dating apps and social media communications, KDFW Fox 4 News reported Friday.
Bumble's CEO, Whitney Wolfe Herd, approached Representative Meyer after the Texas-based company conducted a study that showed one in three women had received unsolicited sexual photos and that 96 percent of recipients were not pleased to receive the images.
"They had a number of people who were using the app complaining about the sending of these images and they quickly realized there was no recourse," Meyer told the local news station.
"We spend all our time in this digital world and it's basically a society with no rules. We're calling our peers — social networks, messaging apps, and Internet companies of all kinds — to raise their standards, and use their terms and conditions to stand firmly against digital indecent exposure," Herd said in an August interview with Refinery 29.
A 2017 Pew Research Center survey found that women experience higher cases of sexual harassment online than men do, with approximately one in five women reporting being harassed, compared to less than one in ten men. Over 53 percent of women who had been harassed online said someone had sent them explicit images they did not request.
Other states with similar laws criminalizing online sexual harassment include Washington, Pennsylvania and New Jersey.
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