周一，在陪审团听取了检察官和这位前警官的辩护律师长达五个小时的结案陈词后，德里克·肖万的命运被交由明尼苏达州的一个陪审团决定，他们对谋杀的原因提出了截然不同的观点乔治·弗洛伊德在2020年5月的一次逮捕中。

陪审团在整个审议过程中被隔离在一家酒店里，他们在美国东部时间下午4点之前拿到了这个案子律师总结案件证据，包括45名证人的证词和旁观者的多段视频、监控摄像头和警察身体摄像头。

尽管检察官史蒂夫·施莱歇尔告诉陪审团，州政府已经毫无疑问地证明肖万犯有二级谋杀、三级谋杀和过失杀人罪，但辩护律师埃里克·尼尔森告诉陪审团，州政府没有尽到责任，因此他们应该认定肖万在所有指控上都无罪。

路透社泳池

前明尼阿波利斯警官德里克·肖万在密歇根州的审判中参加终结辩论

在将案件移交给陪审团之前，亨内平县地区法院法官彼得·卡希尔解雇了陪审团的两名候补成员——96号陪审员和118号陪审员，前者是一名50多岁的白人妇女，从事客户服务工作，对无家可归问题感兴趣，后者是一名20多岁的白人社会工作者。

卡西尔还向陪审团发布了一些最终建议和法律指示，他说:“在你的审议过程中，你不能让偏见、偏见、激情、同情或公众舆论影响你的决定。”

“现在，陪审团的成员们，作为事实的法官，这个案子掌握在你们手中，”卡西尔说。“我确信你意识到这个案子很重要，很严重，因此，值得你仔细考虑。”

辩方要求无效审判

一旦12名陪审员被派去商议，纳尔逊要求卡希尔宣布无效审判，辩称为国家做出反驳的检察官杰里·布莱克威尔(Jerry Blackwell)在陪审团面前贬低了辩方，指责其讲述“万圣节故事”，“掩盖”真相，歪曲和捏造事实。

尼尔森还抱怨了一名国会议员周末发表的煽动性公开言论。

在明尼苏达州布鲁克林中心的一次黑人的命也是命集会上，加州众议员玛克辛·沃特(Maxine Water)表达了她对肖万审判的判决应该是什么的看法。20岁的黑人男子道特·赖特(Daunte Wright)在那里遭到警方枪击致死，她呼吁警方伸张正义。

“我希望我们得到一个有罪的判决，有罪的，有罪的，”沃特说。“如果我们不这样做，我们就不能离开。我们必须待在街上。我们变得更加积极，我们必须变得更加对抗。我们必须确保他们知道我们是认真的。”

阿德里斯·拉蒂夫/路透社

乔治·弗洛伊德的兄弟菲洛尼斯·弗洛伊德举起拳头，带着家人和牧师来到现场

尼尔森告诉卡西尔，沃特的声明可以“合理地解释为对陪审团程序神圣性的威胁。”

“现在我们有了美国代表，在这个特定的案件中威胁使用暴力是令人难以置信的，”尼尔森告诉卡西尔。

卡希尔回应说，沃特斯“可能在上诉中给了你一些东西，可能导致整个审判被推翻。”

法官同意像沃特斯这样的政治家应该“尊重”陪审团的程序，并说“不这样做我认为是令人憎恶的。”

他否认了无效审判的动议，并补充道，“国会女议员的意见真的没有多大关系。”

9分29秒

原告首先被要求做结案陈词。施莱歇尔在总结时首先谈到了小乔治·佩里·弗洛伊德(George Perry Floyd Jr .)，他说，他的兄弟姐妹很尊敬他，他“一生都被他关心和关心他的人包围着，从他在那所房子里的童年，到他的青春期，再到他的成年期。

施莱歇尔很快就来到了2020年5月25日，这一天弗洛伊德失去知觉，失去了脉搏，死于被三名警察铐上手铐并保持俯卧姿势，其中包括肖万将膝盖压入他的后颈。

路透社泳池

检察官史蒂夫·施莱歇在前明尼阿波利斯警察的审判中做结案陈词

“9分29秒，”施莱歇尔说。”在这段时间里，乔治·弗洛伊德挣扎着，不顾一切地呼吸，为自己的胸腔腾出足够的空间来呼吸。但是力量太大了。他被困住了。他被困在下面坚硬的人行道上，就像压着他的人一样坚硬，推着他，膝盖抵着脖子，膝盖抵着后背，扭动手指，支撑着他的腿9分29秒，被告的重量压在他身上。"

他提醒陪审团弗洛伊德的遗言，指出弗洛伊德称肖万为“警官先生”

“拜托，我不能呼吸，”施莱歇尔告诉陪审员弗洛伊德在4分45秒内重复了27次，直到他不能再说话。

他提醒陪审员，对弗洛伊德使用了致命武力，弗洛伊德被指控在Cub Foods商店使用伪造的20美元钞票购买香烟，多名执法人员作证说，这是一项轻罪，不值得逮捕。

“不需要勇气。所需要的只是一点点同情，”施莱歇尔说。“那天一部也没有上映。”

施莱歇尔播放了一段由当时17岁的目击者达内拉·弗雷泽拍摄的旁观者视频的片段，视频中肖万用膝盖抵住弗洛伊德的后颈，乞求他的生命，抱怨疼痛并大声喊着“妈妈!”

他告诉陪审员，他们可以依靠他们在视频中看到的，以及他们在审判期间看到的无数其他人。

“相信你的眼睛，不合理的力量，把他钉在地上，这就是杀死他的原因，”施莱歇尔说。“这是一起凶杀案。”

肖万摘下面具

在纳尔逊大约三个小时的闭幕词中，肖万戴着面具坐在被告席上。

“所以在整个审判过程中，州政府把你的注意力集中在9分29秒上。尼尔森说:“正确的分析是用这9分29秒的时间，把它放在一个理智的警察知道的所有情况的背景下。"正确的分析始于:在派遣时，官员们知道什么，或者一个通情达理的官员会知道什么?"

他要求陪审团仔细检查在肖万和另外两名警官将一名反抗的弗洛伊德俯卧在人行道上之前的16分59秒内发生了什么。

路透社泳池

辩护律师埃里克·尼尔森在前明尼阿波利斯·里坡的审判中做结案陈词

尼尔森说，当查文到达现场时，他通过911调度员知道弗洛伊德身高超过6英尺，可能在吸毒，处理他的官员报告说，在突然请求紧急支援之前，情况已经得到控制。

他说，当肖万到达现场时，他看到的第一件事是托马斯·莱恩和亚历山大·库恩警官与弗洛伊德搏斗，弗洛伊德拒绝进入警车的后部，并抱怨他患有幽闭恐惧症。

“所以，从字面上来说，这向你展示了一些事情:一个情况可以从一秒钟到一秒钟，从一分钟到一分钟变化得有多快，”尼尔森说。

他说，肖万正在接受警察训练，当他和其他警察把弗洛伊德放在地上时，在同样的情况下，他会表现得像个通情达理的警察。他说，因为弗洛伊德在积极抵抗，肖万可以提高对弗洛伊德使用的力量，包括拳打脚踢，以控制他。

“一个通情达理的警察会理解这种情况，弗洛伊德先生能够克服三名警察戴着手铐的努力。用他的腿和他的身体力量，”纳尔逊说

他说，肖万和他的同事也遇到了愤怒的人群，他们冲警察尖叫着让他们离开弗洛伊德，并用手机录下了冲突的视频。

尼尔森说，明尼苏达警察局的培训包括如何应对人群的策略，并特别指出“永远不要低估人群”。

尼尔森也花了很多时间争论弗洛伊德阻塞的动脉和他体内的药物是他死亡的原因，比肖万的膝盖更是如此。他嘲笑检方的医学专家证人，他们说药物和弗洛伊德的心脏状况与他的死亡无关，称他们的观点“荒谬”。

“他们只是想让你忽略弗洛伊德先生面临的重大医疗问题。该州的专家没有承认任何可能性，任何其他因素以任何方式导致弗洛伊德死亡的可能性都违背了医学科学，也违背了常识和理性，”纳尔逊说。

Key takeaways from the Derek Chauvin murder trial, Day 15

The fate of Derek Chauvin was placed in the hands of a Minnesota jury on Monday after the panel heard about five hours of closing arguments from prosecutors and the former police officer's defense attorney who offered radically different views on what killedGeorge Floydduring a May 2020 arrest.

The jury, which is being sequestered in a hotel throughout its deliberations, got the case just before 4 p.m. CT after theattorneys' summationson the evidence in the case, including the testimonies from 45 witnesses and multiple videos from bystanders, surveillance cameras and police body cameras.

While prosecutor Steve Schleicher told the panel the state had proven beyond reasonable doubt that Chauvin is guilty of second-degree unintentional murder, third-degree murder and manslaughter, defense attorney Eric Nelson told the jurors the state fell short of meeting its burden and therefore they should find Chauvin not guilty on all of the charges.

Prior to handing over the case to the jury, Hennepin County District Court Judge Peter Cahill dismissed two alternate members of the panel -- Juror 96, a white woman in her 50s who works in customer service and is interested in homeless issues, and Juror 118, a white twentysomething social worker.

Cahill also issued some final advice and legal instructions to the jury, saying, "During your deliberations, you must not let bias, prejudice, passion, sympathy, or public opinion influence your decision."

"Now, members of the jury, the case is in your hands as judges of the facts," Cahill said. "I'm certain that you realize this case is important, serious, and, therefore, deserves your careful consideration."

Defense calls for mistrial

Once the 12 jurors were sent to deliberate, Nelson asked Cahill to declare a mistrial, arguing that prosecutor Jerry Blackwell, who gave the rebuttal for the state, belittled the defense in front of the jury by accusing it of telling "Halloween stories," "shading" the truth, and misrepresenting and fabricating facts.

Nelson also complained about inflammatory public comments made over the weekend by a member of Congress.

During a Black Lives Matter rally in Brooklyn Center, Minnesota, calling for justice in the police-involved fatal shooting there of Daunte Wright, a 20-year-old Black man, Rep. Maxine Water, D-Calif., voiced her views of what the verdict in the Chauvin trial should be.

"I hope we get a verdict that says guilty, guilty, guilty," Water's said. "And if we don't, we cannot go away. We've got to stay on the street. We get more active, we've got to get more confrontational. We've got to make sure that they know that we mean business."

Nelson told Cahill that Water's statement can "reasonably interpreted to be threats against the sanctity of the jury process."

"And now that we have U.S. representatives, threatening acts of violence in relation to this specific case is mind-boggling," Nelson told Cahill.

Cahill responded that Waters "may have given you something on appeal that may result in this whole trail being overturned."

The judge agreed that politicians like Waters should be "respectful" of the jury process and said "failing to do so I think is abhorrent."

He denied the motion for a mistrial, adding, "a congresswoman's opinion really doesn't matter a whole lot."

9 minutes, 29 seconds

The prosecution was called on first to give a closing argument. Schleicher began his summation by talking about George Perry Floyd Jr., who he said was looked up to by his siblings and "was surrounded by people who he cared about and who cared about him throughout his life, throughout his childhood in that house, through his adolescence, into his adulthood.

Schleicher quickly moved to May 25, 2020, the day Floyd fell unconscious, lost a pulse and died while handcuffed and being held in the prone position by three officers, including Chauvin pressing his knee into the back of his neck.

"Nine minutes and 29 seconds," Schleicher said. "During this time, George Floyd struggled, desperate to breathe, to make enough room in his chest to breathe. But the force was too much. He was trapped. He was trapped with the unyielding pavement underneath him, as unyielding as the man who held him down, pushing him, a knee to the neck, a knee to the back, twisting his fingers, holding his legs for 9 minutes and 29 seconds, the defendants' weight on him."

He reminded the jury of Floyd's final words, noting that Floyd referred to Chauvin as "Mr. officer."

"'Please, I can't breathe,'" Schleicher told the jurors of what Floyd repeated 27 times in 4 minutes and 45 seconds until he could no longer speak.

He reminded jurors that the use of deadly force was applied to Floyd, who was accused of using a phony $20 bill to buy cigarettes at a Cub Foods store, a misdemeanor that multiple law enforcement officers testified did not merit an arrest.

"No courage was required. All that was required was a little compassion," Schleicher said. "And none was shown on that day."

Schleicher played clips from a now-famous bystander video taken by a then-17-year-old witness Darnella Frazier, showing Chauvin pressing his knee into the back of Floyd's neck as he begged for his life, complained of pain and cried out "momma!"

He told the jurors that they can rely on what they saw in the video, and countless others they viewed during the trial.

"Believe your eyes that unreasonable force, pinning him to the ground, that's what killed him," Schleicher said. "This was a homicide."

Chauvin removes mask

Chauvin sat at the defense table with his mask off during Nelson's roughly three-hour closing statement.

"So throughout the course of this trial, the state has focused your attention on 9 minutes and 29 seconds. The proper analysis is to take those 9 minutes and 29 seconds and put it into the context of the totality of the circumstances that a reasonable police officer would know," Nelson said. "And the proper analysis starts with: what did the officers, or what would a reasonable officer, know at the time of dispatch?"

He asked the jury to closely examine what occurred in the 16 minutes and 59 seconds before Chauvin and two other officers placed a resisting Floyd in a prone position on the pavement.

Nelson said that when Chavin arrived on the scene, he knew through a 911 dispatcher that Floyd was over 6 feet tall, possibly on drugs, and that the officers dealing with him had reported the situation was under control before suddenly requesting an urgent need for backup.

He said that when Chauvin arrived at the scene, the first thing he saw with officers Thomas Lane and J. Alexander Kueng struggling with Floyd, who was refusing to get into the rear of a squad car and complaining that he was claustrophobic.

"So, literally, this demonstrates to you a couple of things: how quickly a situation can change from second to second, minute to minute," Nelson said.

He said Chauvin was following his police training and acting as a reasonable officer would given the same set of circumstances when he and the other officers put Floyd on the ground. He said that because Floyd was actively resisting, Chauvin could have elevated the force used on Floyd, including punching or kicking him, to bring him under control.

"A reasonable police officer would understand this situation, that Mr. Floyd was able to overcome the efforts of three police officers while handcuffed. With his legs and his body strength," Nelson said

He said Chauvin and his colleagues were also confronted by an angry crowd, screaming at the officers to get off of Floyd and video recording the confrontation with their cell phones.

Nelson said the Minnesota Police Department training includes tactics on how to deal with a crowd and specifically states to "never underestimate a crowd."

Nelson also spent a lot of time arguing that Floyd's clogged arteries and the drugs in his system were the cause of his death, more so than Chauvin's knee. He ridiculed the prosecution's expert medical witnesses who said the drugs and Floyd's heart condition had nothing to do with his death, calling their opinions "preposterous."

"They just want you to ignore significant medical issues that presented to Mr. Floyd. And the failure of the state's experts to acknowledge any possibility, any possibility at all that any of these other factors in any way contributed to Mr. Floyd's death defies medical science and it defies common sense and reason," Nelson said.