8月11日，加州参议员卡马拉·哈里斯被选为前副总统乔·拜登的竞选伙伴。她是主要政党候选人名单上的第一位有色人种女性，如果她当选，她将是第一个女人和第一个有色女人担任副总统。
她的提名是在担任加州参议员和州司法部长之后，也是在她自己的总统提名竞选失败之后。她中止了她的总统竞选2019年12月3日，因为她在给支持者的电子邮件中写道，她没有财力继续下去。
名称:卡玛拉·德维·哈里斯
当事人:民主主义者
出生日期:1964年10月20日
家乡:加利福尼亚州奥克兰
家庭:丈夫道格拉斯·埃姆霍夫，继子女科尔和埃拉·埃姆霍夫;唐纳德·哈里斯父亲和已故母亲夏马拉·戈帕兰
教育:霍华德大学(1981年，政治学和经济学)和加州大学黑斯廷斯法学院(1989年，法学博士)
她现在做的是:自2016年以来一直代表加州的美国参议员，在国土安全和政府事务委员会、情报特别委员会、司法委员会和预算委员会任职
民主党总统候选人乔·拜登和副总统候选人参议员卡马拉·哈里斯在德尔威尔明顿的大通中心外迎接支持者。，民主党全国代表大会结束时，2020年8月20日。
关键的生活/职业时刻:
哈里斯的职业生涯始于阿拉米达县的副地区检察官，她曾为旧金山市检察官路易斯·雷恩(Louise Renne)工作，担任社区和邻里司的负责人，专门起诉儿童性侵犯案件。
她是第一位当选旧金山地区检察官的非裔美国女性，任期从2004年到2010年。
她在2011年至2017年担任加州司法部长，成为第一位担任加州司法部长的女性、第一位非洲裔美国人和第一位亚裔美国人。她称自己为“进步检察官”。
虽然哈里斯个人反对死刑，但她承诺在2014年作为加州司法部长为死刑辩护上诉一名联邦法官裁定该法案违宪。哈里斯还为遭受止赎危机打击的加州房主赢得了250亿美元的和解，但拒绝起诉史蒂文·姆努钦(Steven Mnuchin)在2013年因违反止赎权而被判入狱。
在美国参议院时，哈里斯引起了人们的注意因为她专注的提问在最高法院司法确认听证会上布雷特·卡瓦诺。
她在一些问题上的立场:
冠状病毒:哈里斯谴责了唐纳德·特朗普总统对新冠肺炎疫情的处理，并在竞选活动中多次呼吁领导人在如何进行的问题上“听取科学家和专家的意见”。哈里斯呼吁她所描述的戴口罩的“国家标准”。一种可能的冠状病毒疫苗，哈里斯说她不会仅仅相信特朗普的疗效，而是希望在相信它是安全的之前，从可信的来源听到信息。
种族和治安:在种族问题上警务中的歧视和使用武力，哈里斯呼吁根除种族歧视。乔治·弗洛伊德(George Floyd)在警方拘留期间死亡后，她参加了华盛顿特区的抗议活动。雅各布·布莱克(Jacob Blake)被枪杀后，她在威斯康星州会见了布莱克的家人，并与布莱克通了电话。她还告诉全国广播公司新闻，“我认为应该进行彻底的调查，根据我所看到的情况，似乎应该起诉该官员。”
哈里斯呼吁对有色人种社区进行经济和教育投资，以创建更安全、更健康的社区。她和拜登呼吁结束无敲门搜查令、巧克力禁令和颈动脉禁令。他们想建立一个国家过度使用武力标准和一个数据库来追踪过度使用武力和违反规则的警察。两人还希望结束现金保释和私人监狱。
哈里斯在2009年出版的《犯罪的智慧》一书中写道:“如果我们向那些想在街上看到更多警察的人举手示意，我的手就会举起来。”
尽管有这些声明，哈里斯已经从进步人士手中接过了弗莱克以前作为检察官和加州司法部长的角色，她已经多次这样做了为她的记录辩护。
枪支权利:在她不成功的总统竞选中，哈里斯提出了打击枪支暴力的行政行动，包括禁止攻击性武器和由一年销售超过5支枪的人管理的近乎普遍的背景调查。不遵守规定的枪支制造商和经销商将被吊销执照。作为副总统候选人，她呼吁延长攻击性武器禁令，并呼吁消除“男朋友漏洞”，以及她对普遍背景调查的大力支持。
“在有人可以购买致命武器之前，你可能想知道他们是否被法院认定对自己或他人构成威胁。你可能只是想知道，”哈里斯在9月份对费城的一群人说。“这些是关于背景调查的事情，你可能只是想在给某人一些可以杀死其他人的东西之前知道一些事情。”
哈里斯说记者在2019年4月她拥有一支枪是为了“个人安全”，但她说这是一个“错误的选择”...暗示你要么赞成第二修正案，要么想拿走所有人的枪。”
保健:哈里斯最初是“全民医疗保险”的支持者，也是伯尼·桑德斯参议员取消私人健康保险计划的支持者。在总统初选期间，哈里斯改变了立场，呼吁扩大医疗保健覆盖面，同时仍然允许私人医疗保险。哈里斯，在接受采访时Axios2019年10月，承认她被称为“摇摆人”
作为民主党副总统候选人，哈里斯表示支持拜登的健康计划，这将为寻求医疗保健的美国人提供一个公共选择，旨在降低成本。
生育权:哈里斯为生育权和堕胎权辩护，在鲁斯·巴德·金斯伯格法官去世后，他认为特朗普提名的最高法院法官艾米·科尼·巴雷特可能会逆转Roe。v .韦德哈里斯不会同意的。
哈里斯在一次采访中说9月在北卡罗来纳州的演讲。“没有其他问题如此不尊重和侮辱金斯伯格法官的一生，然后撤销法院历史上的开创性决定，这一决定清楚地表明——妇女有权对自己的身体做出决定。”
大麻:哈里斯赞成大麻合法化在联邦一级，并已提议规范大麻和删除以前的大麻定罪。这与她以前在这个问题上的立场形成鲜明对比。据一份报告称，从2011年到2017年，在她担任加州司法部长期间，该州每年有数万名居民因大麻违规而被捕2016年毒品政策联盟报告。她说“时代变了。”
筹款:
今年早些时候，拜登竞选团队转向2020年大选，资金缺口似乎与特朗普竞选团队相去甚远。进入4月，拜登竞选团队手头有超过1.8亿美元的现金支持总统连任竞选。
四个月来，拜登已经设法从根本上消除了资金缺口，一再超越特朗普，并最终将手头现金差额缩小到7月底的600万美元。在8月份，拜登团队的收入完全超过特朗普团队，达到3.64亿美元，而特朗普团队的收入为2.1亿美元。根据竞选活动，拜登8月份超过2.05亿美元的收入中，有57%来自在线小额捐赠。
拜登在8月份创纪录的筹款成功是在他选择哈里斯作为他的竞选伙伴。这加利福尼亚这位参议员在去年12月退出总统竞选时筹集了大约4000万美元，一直是个大幅提升对于拜登的筹款努力，在筹款会上争取大额捐助者以及网上小额捐助者。
你可能不了解她:
哈里斯是一位印度母亲和牙买加父亲的女儿，是历史上第二位非洲裔美国女性和第一位南亚裔美国参议员。
在梵语中，她的名字意思是“莲花”
她是回忆录《我们持有的真理:美国之旅》和儿童书籍《超级英雄无处不在》的作者哈里斯归功于她已故的母亲夏马拉·戈帕兰·哈里斯(Shyamala Gopalan Harris)，授权她寻找解决方案。
哈里斯在接受《早安美国》采访时说:“我从小就知道，当你看到一个问题时，你不会抱怨，你会去解决它。”。
哈里斯选择在马丁·路德·金日宣布她的总统竞选，引用这位民权领袖作为灵感。她的竞选颜色——黄色、红色和蓝色——是对雪莉·齐索姆竞选活动的致敬，她是第一位从主要政党竞选总统的黑人女性。
Kamala Harris: Everything you need to know about the Democratic nominee for vice president
California Sen. Kamala Harris was selected as former Vice President Joe Biden's running mate on Aug. 11. She is the first woman of color on a major party's ticket, and if elected, she'd be thefirst woman and first woman of colorto serve as vice president.
Her nomination came after serving as senator for California and as the state's attorney general -- and after her own, unsuccessful presidential nomination run. Shesuspended her presidential bidon Dec. 3, 2019 because, she wrote in an email to supporters, she didn't have the financial resources to continue.
Name:Kamala Devi Harris
Party:Democrat
Date of birth:Oct. 20, 1964
Hometown:Oakland, California
Family:Husband Douglas Emhoff, stepchildren Cole and Ella Emhoff; father Donald Harris and late mother Shyamala Gopalan
Education:Howard University (1981, political science and economics) and the University of California, Hastings College of the Law (1989, J.D.)
What she does now:U.S. senator representing California since 2016, serving on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs Committee, the Select Committee on Intelligence, the Committee on the Judiciary and the Committee on the Budget
Key life/career moments:
Beginning her career as the deputy district attorney in Alameda County, Harris worked for San Francisco's City Attorney Louise Renne as the chief of the Community and Neighborhood Division, where she specialized in prosecuting child sexual assault cases.
She was the first African American woman to be elected district attorney of San Francisco and served from 2004 to 2010.
She served as the attorney general of California from 2011 to 2017, becoming the first woman, first African American and first Asian American to serve as California's attorney general. She refers to herself as a "progressive prosecutor."
While Harris personally opposes the death penalty, she promised to defend it as California's attorney general in 2014and appealeda federal judge's decision that it was unconstitutional. Harris also won a $25 billion settlement for California homeowners hit by the foreclosure crisis, butrefused to prosecuteSteven Mnuchin's OneWest Bank for foreclosure violations in 2013.
While in the U.S. Senate, Harris drew attentionfor her focused questioningduring the Supreme Court confirmation hearings for JusticeBrett Kavanaugh.
Where she stands on some of the issues:
Coronavirus:Harris has condemned President Donald Trump's handling of the COVID-19 pandemic and on the campaign trail she has repeatedly called for leaders to "listen to the scientists and the experts" on how to proceed. Harris has called for what she describes as a "national standard" for wearing masks. On a possible vaccine for the coronavirus, Harrissaidshe wouldn't solely believe Trump on its efficacy and would want to hear information from credible sources before believing it's safe.
Race and policing:On matters of racialdiscrimination in policingand use of force, Harris has called for the rooting out of racial discrimination. In the aftermath of George Floyd's death in police custody, she participated in protests in Washington, D.C. After the shooting of Jacob Blake, she met with Blake's family in Wisconsin and spoke with Blake over the phone. She also toldNBC News, "I think that there should be a thorough investigation, and based on what I've seen, it seems that the officer should be charged."
Harris has called for economic and educational investment in communities of color to create safer, healthier communities. She and Biden have called for an end to no-knock warrants, chokeholds and carotid holds. They want to create a national excessive force standard and a database to track cops who use excessive force and break the rules. The pair also wants to end cash bail and private prisons.
In her 2009 book Smart on Crime, Harris wrote, "If we take a show of hands of those who would like to see more police officers on the street, mine would shoot up."
Despite these statements, Harris has taken flack from progressives for her former roles as both a prosecutor and the California attorney general, she's has repeatedlydefended her record.
Gun rights:During her unsuccessful presidential campaign, Harris proposed executive actions to counter gun violence, including banning assault weapons and near-universal background checks administered by people who sell over five guns a year. Gun manufacturers and dealers who fail to comply would have their licenses revoked. As the vice presidential nominee, she has called for the renewal of the assault weapons ban and has called for the elimination of the "boyfriend loophole" in addition to her avid support of universal background checks.
"Before somebody can buy a lethal weapon, you might want to know if they've been found by a court to be a danger to themselves or others. You just might want to know," Harris told a crowd in Philadelphia in September. "These are the things about background checks, you just might want to know certain things before you give somebody something that can kill other human beings."
Harris toldreporters in April 2019that she owned a gun for "personal safety," but says it's a "false choice ... to suggest you're either in favor of the Second Amendment or you want to take everyone's guns away."
Health care:Harris was initially a supporter of "Medicare for All" and a backer of Sen. Bernie Sanders' plan that would get rid of private health insurance. During the presidential primary, Harris changed her position, instead calling for an expansion of health care access while still allowing for private health insurance. Harris, in an interview withAxiosin October 2019, acknowledged she'd been "called a flip-flopper for that."
As the Democratic vice presidential nominee, Harris has backedBiden's health plan,which would provide a public option for Americans seeking health care and aim to lower costs.
Reproductive rights:Harris has defended reproductive rights and the right to abortion and, in the wake of Justice Ruth Bader Ginsburg's death, has argued that Trump's Supreme Court nominee Judge Amy Coney Barrettcould reverse Roe. v. Wade, which Harris would not approve.
Harris said in remarks during aSeptember speech in North Carolina. "There is no other issue that so disrespects and dishonors the work of Justice Ginsburg's life, then undoing the seminal decision in the court's history that made it clear -- a woman has a right to make decisions about her own body."
Marijuana:Harris is in favor ofdecriminalizing marijuanaat the federal level and has proposed regulating marijuana and expunging prior marijuana convictions. This is in contrast to her previous positions on the issue. From 2011 to 2017, under her purview as attorney general of California, tens of thousands of residents in the state were arrested annually for marijuana infractions, according to a2016 Drug Policy Alliance report. Shesaid"times have changed."
Fundraising:
The Biden campaign shifted toward the 2020 general election earlier this year with a fundraising gap that seemed like a world away from the Trump campaign. Entering April, the Biden campaign was more than $180 million behind the president's reelection campaign in cash on hand.
Fast forward four months, Biden has managed to essentially eliminate that fundraising gap, repeatedly outraising Trump and eventually narrowing the cash on hand difference to just $6 million by the end of July. And during the month of August, Team Biden completely outpaced Team Trump, raking in $364 million compared to Trump's $210 million. According to the campaign, 57%, or more than $205 million of Biden's August haul came from small-dollar donations online.
Biden's record-level fundraising success in August came at the same time as he picked Harris ashis running mate. TheCaliforniaSenator, who raised roughly $40 million by the time she dropped out of the presidential bid in December, has been amajor boostfor Biden's fundraising efforts, courting big-dollar donors at fundraisers as well as small-dollar donors online.
What you might not know about her:
Harris is the daughter of an Indian mother and Jamaican father and is the second African American woman and first South Asian American senator in history.
In Sanskrit, her name means "lotus."
She is the author of a memoir, "The Truths We Hold: An American Journey," and a children's book, "Superheroes Are Everywhere." Harriscredits her late mother, Shyamala Gopalan Harris, with empowering her to look for solutions.
"I was raised that, when you see a problem, you don't complain about it, you go and do something about it," Harris said in a "Good Morning America" interview.
Harris chose to announce her presidential campaign on Martin Luther King Jr. Day, citing the civil rights leader as an inspiration. Her campaign colors -- yellow, red and blue -- are a homage to the campaign of Shirley Chisholm, the first Black woman to run for president from a major party.
