档案-庞恰特雷恩公园附近是2018年6月8日星期五的档案照片。庞恰特雷恩公园是为新奥尔良的中产阶级和上层黑人居民建造的第一个小区，现已被列入国家历史遗迹名录。(最大贝彻尔/美联社辩护律师，文件未定义的美联社
新奥尔良——为新奥尔良的中产阶级和上层黑人居民建造的第一个小区——也是全国最早的小区之一——现在被列入国家历史遗迹名录。
这是伟大的有国家承认的邻里的历史意义多年的工作，庞恰特雷恩公园邻里协会主席格雷琴·布拉德福德星期四说。
她在电话采访中说:“一旦COVID-19的事情结束，我们将有一个盛大的庆祝活动。”
庞恰特雷恩公园于1955年开放。尽管美国最高法院在一年前裁定公立学校种族隔离是违反宪法的，但是种族隔离在路易斯安那州和其他南方州仍然是严格执行的法律。
布拉德福德说:“我们每周只能去城市公园一天。”“庞恰特雷恩公园社区成立时，我们有一个公园，每天都可以去玩。”
公园的高尔夫球场是由约瑟夫·m·巴塞洛缪设计的，他是一位非洲裔美国人，曾在全国各地设计球场，也在城市公园和梅塔里乡村俱乐部设计过球场。
国家文化发展办公室周四发布的一条新闻称:“这是他设计的第一个允许他打球的公共高尔夫球场。”
房子和街道的设计就像相邻的白色小区，有牧场风格的房子、宽阔的草坪和车道。
新奥尔良环境保护资源中心的执行主任丹尼尔·德尔·索尔说:“它的设计和建造是为了实现美国人拥有住房的梦想。”
她说:“这是我所知道的第一个为非裔美国人设计的社区。”“人们认为特雷姆是美国最古老的非裔社区之一。庞恰特雷恩公园与众不同，它是郊区式的发展。”
该市的居民包括该市的第一位黑人市长，荷兰人莫瑞尔和他的儿子马克·莫瑞尔，后者也当选为市长，以及路易斯安那州最高法院的首席大法官贝内特·约翰逊。格莱美获奖音乐家泰伦斯·布兰查德、演员维德尔·皮尔斯和前环境保护局局长丽莎·杰克森也住在那里。
德尔索尔说庞恰特雷恩公园是新奥尔良第22个被国家公园管理局登记的地区。它于6月23日被接受。其他包括法国区，滨海郊区、贝沃特、爱尔兰海峡和滨海山脊，其中包括特伦。
德尔索尔说，人们担心卡特里娜飓风淹没了10英尺(3米)深的社区，可能破坏太多，无法让社区合格。
在20世纪60年代早期，这个小区有1000多套房子。德尔索尔在一封电子邮件中说，在剩下的近800座建筑中，有639座要么在卡特里娜飓风中幸免于难，要么经过重建，其中包含了足够的历史材料和细节，可以算作是历史性的。
她说:“我们很高兴地得知，有足够的原有结构保留下来，风暴后表现出的恢复精神得到了国家公园管理局的赞赏。”
New Orleans' 1st Black subdivision officially historic
NEW ORLEANS -- The first subdivision built for middle- and upper-class Black residents of New Orleans — and one of the first in the nation — is now on the National Register of Historic Places.
It's great to have national recognition of the neighborhood's historical significance afteryears of work,Gretchen Bradford, president the Pontchartrain Park Neighborhood Association, said Thursday.
“As soon as this stuff with COVID-19 is over we’re going to have a grand celebration,” she said in a telephone interview.
Pontchartrain Park opened in 1955. Although the U.S. Supreme Court had ruled a year earlier that segregated public schools were unconstitutional, segregation was still strictly enforced law in Louisiana and other Southern states.
“We could only go to City Park one day a week,” Bradford said. "When the Pontchartrain Park neighborhood was established, we had a park where we could go and play every day."
The park's golf course was designed by Joseph M. Bartholomew, an African American who had designed courses around the country as well as at City Park and Metairie Country Club.
“It was the first public golf course he designed on which he was allowed to play,” noted a news release Thursday from the state Office of Cultural Development.
The houses and streets were designed like those in an adjacent white subdivision, with ranch-style houses, wide lawns, and driveways.
“It was designed and built as kind of the American dream of home ownership,” said Danielle Del Sol, executive director of the Preservation Resource Center of New Orleans, which worked with the neighborhood association on the proposal.
“This was the first planned neighborhood that I know of” in New Orleans for African Americans, she said. “People consider Treme one of the oldest African American neighborhoods in the country. Pontchartrain Park is different in that it was a suburban-style development.”
Its residents have included the city's first Black mayor, Dutch Morial, and his son, Marc Morial, who also was elected mayor, and Chief Justice Bernette Johnson of the Louisiana Supreme Court. Grammy-winning musician Terence Blanchard, actor Wendell Pierce and former Environmental Protection Agency Administrator Lisa Jackson also have lived there.
Del Sol said Pontchartrain Park is the 22nd district in New Orleans to be placed on the register administered by the National Parks Service. It was accepted June 23. Others include theFrench Quarter,Faubourg Marigny, Bywater, Irish Channel and Esplanade Ridge, which includes Treme.
Del Sol said people worried that Hurricane Katrina, which flooded the neighborhood up to 10 feet (three meters) deep might have destroyed too much to let the neighborhood qualify.
The subdivision had more than 1,000 homes in the early 1960s. Of nearly 800 remaining, 639 either were spared by Katrina or were rebuilt including enough period material and detail to count as historic, Del Sol said in an email.
“We were thrilled to learn that enough preexisting fabric remained and the spirit of resiliency shown after the storm was appreciated by the National Park Service,” she said.
