华盛顿——在一个种族动乱的夏天，总统呼吁更多的多样性的领导唐纳德·特朗普落后于民主党对手乔·拜登根据向美联社提供的竞选数据，在竞选团队中有色人种所占的百分比。
共和党总统的高级职员中有25%是非白人，相比之下，拜登的高级职员中有36%是非白人。拜登的整个竞选团队有35%是非白人;特朗普的竞选团队没有提供类似的数字。
竞选团队既没有提供非白人员工的种族分类，也没有提供包括高级员工在内的员工总数。
支持少数群体的人士表示，为了确保政治候选人能够听到各种各样的声音和观点，以帮助他们理解各种社区和利益团体的关切，员工的多样性是必要的——尤其是在种族不公正成为全国对话焦点的时候。虽然拜登比特朗普更有优势，但总体而言，总统竞选还有很多事情要做。
弗吉尼亚大学的联邦政治学教授詹妮弗·劳里斯说:“仍然有很多里程碑事件没有被政治运动所影响，比如一个黑人导演或者赢得了一场总统竞选。”她还表示，在竞选活动中，让不同的员工处于较低的级别，有助于增加未来经理、财务主管和其他人的数量。
劳利斯说:“这都是管道的一部分。”
6月，副总统迈克·彭斯在推特上发布了一张特朗普访问竞选总部的照片，随后又删除了这张照片，这让特朗普的竞选化妆受到了双重影响。这张照片起初引起了人们对员工之间缺乏社交距离和使用口罩的关注。但它也以大量的白人面孔而闻名。
UnidosUS负责政策和宣传的高级副总裁埃里克·罗德里格斯(Eric Rodriguez)表示，拜登团队中担任高级职位的拉美人比特朗普多。
罗德里格斯说:“你需要这些社区的人能够建立这种联系。”
竞争对手的竞选在雇用女性方面表现更好，而且基本持平，女性占所有职位的一半以上，占所有高级职位的一半以上。
总统的儿媳劳拉·特朗普(Lara Trump)是白人，前白宫助理梅赛德斯·施拉普(Mercedes Schlapp)是古巴裔美国人，卡特里娜·皮尔森(Katrina Pierson)是黑人，曾在特朗普的2016年竞选活动中工作，她们是帮助他再次当选的最引人注目的高级女性工作人员。
其他人还包括前福克斯新闻主持人金伯利·吉尔福伊尔(Kimberly Guilfoyle)，她现在是顶级竞选筹款人，也是特朗普儿子小唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump Jr .)的女友，以及竞选联盟主任汉娜·卡斯蒂略(Hannah Castillo)。吉尔福伊尔已故的母亲来自波多黎各。卡斯蒂略是墨西哥裔美国人。
拜登的高级顾问西蒙·桑德斯(Symone Sanders)是黑人，是该竞选团队中级别最高的有色人种，30岁的他是自己核心圈子中最年轻的成员。这位候选人最近还带来了几位为奥巴马总统工作的非洲裔美国人，包括郭佳欣·让-皮埃尔，他曾是美国全国广播公司新闻和MSNBC政治分析家。
拜登的发言人贾马尔布朗(Jamal Brown)表示，这位前副总统的竞选反映了“美国的多样性、广度和承诺。”
布朗是黑人，他补充说:“他认为，当人们看到自己在政府中得到反映时，我们的民主是最强大的。”
今年5月，明尼阿波利斯一名白人警官杀害了黑人乔治·弗洛伊德(George Floyd)，引发了全国范围内反对种族不公正的抗议，并呼吁社会各界扩大少数族裔的代表性，这给总统竞选带来了新的审视。
拜登在竞选早期曾面临过关于他的员工缺乏多样性的问题。除了增加更多的有色人种，拜登还承诺，如果他在11月3日当选，他的政府将“看起来像美国”。
根据人口普查局的估计，美国人口中大约60%是白人，19%是拉美裔，13%是黑人。
特朗普没有对可能的第二任期做出类似承诺。他的竞选团队拒绝讨论竞选团队中的少数代表。
特朗普的内阁中目前有四名女性:中央情报局局长吉娜·哈斯佩尔和教育部长贝特西·德沃斯，两人都是白人;领导小企业管理局的拉丁裔人约维塔·卡兰扎;和出生在台湾的交通部长赵小兰。
住房部长本·卡森是内阁中唯一的黑人成员。
罗德里格斯总结道，拜登的竞选策略侧重于赢得不同选民群体的支持，尤其是在有大量拉美裔和黑人选民居住的战场州。他将特朗普的战略描述为“真正的基础”，并试图复制他2016年成功的竞选剧本，该剧本将移民作为一个楔形问题。
罗德里格兹在谈到总统时表示:“我们的策略是在种族分裂的基础上运作。”
尽管如此，特朗普和他的竞选团队经常吸引黑人和拉美裔选民。
在冠状病毒大流行爆发之前，总统经常提到这些群体的就业增长，他继续展示他签署的立法，以改革刑事判决程序，并为历史上的黑人学院和大学提供永久资助。
本周，特朗普宣布成立一个新的咨询委员会，为拉美裔美国人提供经济和教育机会，周围都是拉美裔美国领导人。
但这一事件也突显出特朗普在赢得有色人种支持方面还有多远。特朗普与西班牙裔人交往记录的批评者呼吁抵制戈雅食品公司，此前该公司总裁在活动中称赞了特朗普。
尽管如此，总统确实在一些古巴和委内瑞拉后裔中拥有强大的支持，因为他反对这些国家的独裁领导人的强硬立场。
拜登竞选团队表示，LGBTQ员工和有色人种员工担任高级顾问、竞选副经理、国家联盟主任、首席财务官、首席运营官和国家新闻秘书等职务。
特朗普的竞选团队将其高级职员定义为“定期开会决策的高级领导人。”有权威的人”，并没有细说。
Trump lags Biden on people of color in top campaign ranks
WASHINGTON -- Amid a summer of racial unrest and calls for more diversity in leadership, PresidentDonald Trumplags Democratic rivalJoe Bidenin the percentage of people of color on their campaign staffs, according to data the campaigns provided to The Associated Press.
Twenty-five percent of the Republican president's senior staff are nonwhite, compared to 36% of Biden’s senior staff. Biden’s overall campaign team is 35% nonwhite; Trump’s campaign did not provide a comparable number.
And neither campaign provided racial breakdowns for their nonwhite staff, nor the total number of staffers who are on their payrolls, including senior staff.
Advocates for minority groups say staff diversity is necessary to ensure political candidates hear a full range of voices and viewpoints to help them understand the concerns of various communities and interest groups — especially at a time when racial injustice is front and center in the national conversation. And while Biden has an edge on Trump, there is plenty more to be done in presidential campaigns overall.
Jennifer Lawless, commonwealth professor of politics at the University of Virginia, said “there are still a lot of milestones that haven’t been hit” by political campaigns, such as a Black man or woman directing — and winning — a presidential campaign. And she said having diverse staff at lower levels in campaigns can help increase the pool of future managers, finance chairs and others.
“It’s all part of the pipeline,” Lawless said.
Trump's campaign makeup got a double-take in June when Vice President Mike Pence tweeted — and later deleted — a photo from his visit to campaign headquarters. The photo at first drew attention for the lack of social distancing and use of face masks among the staff. But it also was notable for the sea of mostly white faces.
Eric Rodriguez, senior vice president of policy and advocacy at UnidosUS, said the Biden team had more Latinos in senior positions than Trump.
“You need people from those communities to be able to make those connections,” said Rodriguez, whose organization used to be called the National Council of La Raza.
The rival campaigns fared better — and are about even —- on employing women, with females filling more than half of all jobs overall, and more than half of all senior positions.
The president’s daughter-in-law, Lara Trump, who is white, former White House aide Mercedes Schlapp, who is Cuban American, and Katrina Pierson, who is Black and worked on Trump’s 2016 campaign, are among the highest-profile senior female staffers working to help reelect him.
Others include former Fox News host Kimberly Guilfoyle, now a top campaign fundraiser and the girlfriend of Trump's son, Donald Trump Jr., and Hannah Castillo, the campaign’s coalitions director. Guilfoyle's late mother was from Puerto Rico. Castillo is Mexican American.
Biden senior adviser Symone Sanders, who is Black, is the campaign’s highest-ranking person of color and, at 30, is the youngest member of his inner circle. The candidate also recently brought on several African Americans who worked for President Barack Obama, including Karine Jean-Pierre, formerly an NBC News and MSNBC political analyst.
Jamal Brown, a spokesperson for Biden, said the former vice president's campaign reflects the “diversity, breadth and promise of America.”
“He believes our democracy is strongest when people see themselves reflected in their government,” added Brown, who is Black.
The killing in May of George Floyd, who was Black, by a white Minneapolis police officer sparked nationwide protests against racial injustice and calls for greater minority representation across the board in society that brought fresh scrutiny to the presidential campaigns.
Biden had faced questions earlier in the campaign about the lack of diversity on his staff. Along with adding more people of color to his campaign, Biden has promised an administration that “looks like America” if he is elected on Nov. 3.
The U.S. population is about 60% white, 19% Latino and 13% Black, according to Census Bureau estimates.
Trump has not made a similar pledge about a potential second term. His campaign declined to discuss minority representation on the campaign staff.
Four women currently serve in Trump's Cabinet: CIA Director Gina Haspel and Education Secretary Betsy DeVos, both of whom are white; Jovita Carranza, a Latina who leads the Small Business Administration; and Transportation Secretary Elaine Chao, who was born in Taiwan.
Housing Secretary Ben Carson is the only Black member of the Cabinet.
Rodriguez summed up the Biden campaign strategy as focused on winning support from a diverse pool of voters, especially in battleground states where large numbers of Latino and Black voters live. He characterized Trump’s strategy as being “really all about the base” and attempting to replicate his successful 2016 campaign playbook, which used immigration as a wedge issue.
“The strategy is to run on racial division,” Rodriguez said of the president, who has begun to use the racial tensions that surfaced after Floyd’s killing in his reelection pitch.
Still, Trump and his campaign make regular appeals to Black and Latino voters.
The president regularly cites employment gains for these groups before the coronavirus pandemic struck, and he continues to showcase legislation he signed to overhaul criminal sentencing procedures and provide permanent funding for historically Black colleges and universities.
This week, Trump was surrounded by Latino American leaders as he announced a new advisory commission to help Hispanic Americans with economic and educational opportunities.
But the event also highlighted how far Trump has to go in winning support from people of color. Critics of Trump's record with Hispanics called for a boycott of the Goya food company after its president praised Trump at the event.
The president does have strong support among some people of Cuban and Venezuelan descent, though, because of his tough stance against authoritarian leaders in those countries.
The Biden campaign said LGBTQ staff and staff of color hold such positions as senior advisers, deputy campaign managers, national coalitions director, chief financial officer, chief operating officer and national press secretary, among others.
Trump’s campaign defined its senior staff as “senior leaders who meet regularly to make decisions. People with authority,” and did not elaborate.
