在周一的冠状病毒特别工作组会议上，美国总统唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump)强调了美国制造业在冠状病毒大流行期间及之后保持供应链安全的重要性，尤其是在制药领域。
自20世纪90年代以来，中国一直向美国进口药品，成为美国第二大药品和医疗用品出口国。然而，特朗普政府已经想方设法削弱中国在美国药品供应链中的作用。
国防生产法案政策协调员兼贸易和制造政策主任彼得·纳瓦罗(Peter Navarro)今年3月表示，他正与特朗普合作制定一项行政命令，以激励美国的药品生产。
美国总统唐纳德·特朗普星期一在华盛顿特区白宫举行的冠状病毒特别工作组每日简报会上发表讲话
特朗普表示:“这场流行病再次证明了将重要供应链留在国内的重要性。”。“我们不能外包我们的独立，我们不能依赖外国。我已经说了很久了。如果我们学到了一件事，那就是让我们在这里做，让我们在这里建造，让我们在这里创造。”
“我们必须开始恢复供应链，”特朗普继续说道。“几年前，有人想出了一个疯狂的主意:‘让我们到处建造，让我们有零件，让我们为一辆在遥远的国家交付和制造的汽车装上螺丝。“让我们在别的地方制造一个挡泥板，让我们这样做，让我们这样做，让我们把它们放在一起，”我喜欢在美国制造，我想我们已经学到了很多，尤其是在药品方面。"
尽管美国食品药品管理局2019年10月的信息显示，中国的活性药物成分生产能力正在提高，但他们没有足够的数据来估计美国对中国药品的依赖程度。
新闻周刊联系了美国食品和药物管理局进行评论。
导演纳瓦罗在三月份告诉福克斯新闻，美国对其供应链进行国产化是非常重要的。
“我们要做的是三件事，”纳瓦罗说。“我们将不得不购买美国货，我们将放松监管，这样我们就可以更快地完成任务，最重要的是，我们将进行创新以保持价格低廉。”
特朗普吹嘘抗疟疾药物羟氯喹的好处，认为它是治疗冠状病毒的一种潜在疗法。印度是世界上羟基氯喹的主要生产国之一。
今年3月，作为冠状病毒缓解措施的一部分，印度进入封锁状态，同时也禁止了羟氯喹的出口。美国已经下令禁止羟氯喹出口，以确保印度公民有足够的羟氯喹。
特朗普告诉记者，他在4月份给印度总理纳伦德拉·莫迪打了电话，告诉他不履行美国的命令可能会导致“报复”
“如果[·莫迪不允许这件事传出去，”特朗普在新闻发布会上说，“那没关系，但当然可能会有报复。为什么没有呢？”
在与特朗普对话后，印度解除了禁令，称将向有需要的国家提供羟氯喹。
“鉴于COVID-19大流行的严重性，”印度外交部发言人阿努拉格·斯里瓦斯塔瓦(Anurag Srivastava)在4月份表示，“印度一直坚持认为，国际社会必须表现出强大的团结与合作。鉴于这一大流行病的人道主义方面，印度决定向所有依赖我们能力的邻国发放适当数量的扑热息痛和HCQ[羟氯喹的许可。”
TRUMP SAYS CORONAVIRUS PANDEMIC REAFFIRMS IMPORTANCE OF DOMESTIC VITAL SUPPLY CHAINS: 'WE CANNOT OUTSOURCE OUR INDEPENDENCE'
During Monday's coronavirus task force meeting, President Donald Trump emphasized the importance of U.S. manufacturing in keeping supply chains secure during the coronavirus pandemic and beyond, particularly in the area of pharmaceuticals.
China has imported pharmaceutical products to the U.S. since the 1990s, becoming the United States' second-largest exporter of medications and medical supplies. However, the Trump administration has looked at ways to diminish China's role in the U.S. pharmaceutical supply chain.
Defense Production Act policy coordinator and Director of Trade and Manufacturing Policy Peter Navarro said in March he was working in collaboration with Trump on an executive order that would incentivize American production of pharmaceuticals.
U.S. President Donald Trump speaks during a daily briefing of the coronavirus task force at the White House Monday in Washington, D.C.
"This pandemic has reaffirmed the importance of keeping vital supply chains at home," Trump said. "We cannot outsource our independence, we cannot be reliant on foreign nations. I've been saying this for a long time. If we've learned one thing it's let's do it here, let's build it here, let's make it here."
"We've got to start bringing our supply chains back," Trump continued. "Somebody years ago got this crazy idea: 'Let's build all over the place and let's have parts, let's have a screw for a car delivered and made in a country that's far away. And let's have a fender made someplace else and let's do this, and let's do that and let's put it all together.' I like making it right here in the U.S.A. and I think we've learned a lot about that and especially maybe when it comes to pharmaceutical products."
While information from the Food and Drug Administration in October 2019 showed that China's manufacturing capacity for active pharmaceutical ingredients (API) is increasing, they did not have enough data to estimate U.S. dependency on China's pharmaceuticals.
Newsweek reached out to the FDA for comment.
Director Navarro told Fox News in March that it was important for America to domesticize its supply chains.
"What we've got to do is three things," Navarro said. "We are going to have to buy American, we are going to deregulate so we can get things done faster and, most importantly, we are going to innovate to keep prices down."
Trump has touted the benefits of the anti-malaria medication, hydroxychloroquine, as a potential therapeutic for coronavirus. India is one of the world's leading producers of hydroxychloroquine.
When India went into lockdown in March as part of a coronavirus mitigation effort, it also banned the export of hydroxychloroquine which the U.S. had already ordered to ensure it had enough of the medicine for its own citizens.
Trump told reporters he had phoned India's Prime Minister Narendra Modi in April, telling him non-fulfillment of the U.S. order could lead to "retaliation."
"If [Modi] doesn't allow it to come out," Trump said at a press briefing, "that would be okay, but of course there may be retaliation. Why wouldn't there be?"
India lifted the ban after the conversation with Trump, saying it would provide hydroxychloroquine to countries that needed it.
"Given the enormity of the COVID-19 pandemic," said India's Ministry of External Affairs spokesperson Anurag Srivastava in April, "India has always maintained the international community must display strong solidarity and cooperation. In view of the humanitarian aspects of the pandemic, it has been decided that India would license paracetamol and HCQ [hydroxychloroquine] in appropriate quantities to all our neighboring countries who are dependent on our capabilities."
