据报道，特朗普政府正逐步接近最终达成协议，开始将抵达美国边境的寻求庇护者送往危地马拉。
引用三个知道这个计划的人的话，华盛顿邮报据报告的驱逐到危地马拉的行动最早可能在本周开始。
“安全的第三国”协议意味着，任何在到达美国边境之前经过危地马拉的寻求庇护者，无论他们从哪里开始他们的旅程，都可以被遣送回国，条件是危地马拉可以为寻求庇护者提供充分的保护。
美国政府已经与洪都拉斯和萨尔瓦多达成了类似的协议，但这些协议尚未实施。
试图将危地马拉视为寻求庇护者返回的“安全”国家的努力遇到了一些障碍，该国最高法院最初裁定，该协议在推进之前需要得到危地马拉国会的批准。
然而，后来的决定允许该计划在没有国会批准的情况下继续进行，只要即将离任的总统吉米·莫拉莱斯愿意签字同意。
虽然危地马拉当选总统亚历杭德罗·贾马拉蒂公开反对该协议，但莫拉莱斯可能会在明年1月卸任前实施该协议。鉴于特朗普官员威胁说，如果国家拒绝，他将再次寻求政府援助，危地马拉领导人可能也觉得除了签署协议别无选择。
移民和人权倡导者早就警告说，危地马拉、洪都拉斯和萨尔瓦多不符合被视为安全的第三国的要求。
“危地马拉的许多公民正在逃离危地马拉的暴力和其他国家保护的失败，到其他国家寻求庇护，”国家a人权第一出版的关于这一问题的概况介绍。
事实上，根据联合国难民署的数据，仅在2018年就有多达33，000危地马拉人逃到美国寻求庇护。
与此同时，二月份的犯罪和安全报告美国国务院海外安全咨询委员会称，尽管暴力事件呈下降趋势，“但据几家安全机构称，危地马拉仍是世界上最危险的国家之一。”
“地方性贫困、大量武器、社会暴力的遗留问题，以及有组织犯罪团伙巴里欧18街(18街)和马拉·萨尔瓦托查(MS13街)的存在，都是暴力犯罪的罪魁祸首，”该文件指出。“危地马拉惊人的高谋杀率似乎是由贩毒活动、帮派暴力、全副武装的人口以及无法追究许多罪犯责任的警察/司法系统造成的。”
人权第一说:“危地马拉不符合安全的第三国法律要求。危地马拉狭小的庇护系统没有能力评估、裁定和管理特朗普政府想要送往那里的许多洪都拉斯人、萨尔瓦多人和其他寻求庇护者的案件。
“鉴于危地马拉难民保护制度的缺陷，返回危地马拉的难民也将面临被遣返回其受迫害国家的严重风险。”
新闻周刊已联系DHS和危地马拉政府征求意见。
2019年9月5日，一群被美国驱逐的危地马拉移民抵达危地马拉城空军基地。据报道，特朗普政府已接近达成协议，将通过危地马拉到达美国边境的寻求庇护者遣送回中美洲国家。
WHAT WILL HAPPEN IF THE TRUMP ADMINISTRATION IS ALLOWED TO START SENDING ASYLUM SEEKERS TO GUATEMALA?
The Trump administration is reportedly inching closer towards finalizing an agreement to start sending asylum seekers arriving at the U.S. border to Guatemala.
Citing three people with knowledge of the plan, The Washington Post reported that deportations to Guatemala could begin as soon as this week.
The "safe third country" deal would mean that any asylum seekers who pass through Guatemala before making it to the U.S. border could be sent back there, regardless of where they began their journey, under the understanding that Guatemala can offer adequate protection for those seeking refuge.
The U.S. government has already struck similar deals with Honduras and El Salvador, but those agreements have yet to be implemented.
Efforts to see Guatemala deemed a "safe" country for asylum seekers to return to have hit a number of snags, with the country's highest court initially ruling that the deal would require approval from Guatemala's Congress before moving forward.
A later determination, however, has allowed the plan to proceed without Congressional approval, so long as outgoing President Jimmy Morales is willing to sign off on it.
While Guatemala's president-elect, Alejandro Giammattei, has spoken out against the agreement, Morales could bring it into effect before leaving office in January. The Guatemalan leader may also feel he has no choice but to sign the deal, given that Trump officials have threatened to once again pull government assistance if the country refuses.
Immigration and human rights advocates have long warned that Guatemala, Honduras and El Salvador do not meet the requirements to be considered safe third countries.
"Many of Guatemala's own citizens are fleeing violence and other failures of state protection in Guatemala to seek refuge in other countries," states a fact sheet on the issue published by Human Rights First.
Indeed, according to the United Nations Refugee Agency (UNHCR) as many as 33,000 Guatemalans fled to the U.S. to plead for asylum in 2018 alone.
Meanwhile, a February crime and safety report from the State Department's Overseas Security Advisory Council asserts that despite a downward trend in violence, "Guatemala remains among the most dangerous countries in the world, according to several security providers."
"Endemic poverty, an abundance of weapons, a legacy of societal violence, and the presence of organized criminal gangs Barrio 18 (18th Street) and Mara Salvatrucha (MS13) all contribute to the violent crime," the document states. "Guatemala's alarmingly high murder rate appears driven by narco-trafficking activity, gang-related violence, a heavily armed population, and police/judicial system unable to hold many criminals accountable."
Human Rights First has said: "Guatemala does not meet safe third country legal requirements. Guatemala's tiny asylum system does not have the ability to assess, adjudicate and manage the cases of the many Honduran, Salvadoran, and other asylum seekers that the Trump Administration wants to send there.
"Refugees returned to Guatemala would also be at grave risk of being sent back to their countries of persecution given deficiencies in the country's refugee protection system."
Newsweek has contacted the DHS and Guatemalan government for comment.
A group of Guatemalan migrants deported from the United States arrive at the Air Force Base in Guatemala City on September 5, 2019. The Trump administration is reportedly close to securing a deal to send asylum seekers who passed through Guatemala to get to the U.S. border back to the Central American country.
