将近一半的新冠肺炎幸存者可能有长COVID的症状一项新的研究表明，在他们第一次被感染几个月后。
来自世界各地的研究人员苏格兰研究了超过33，000名年龄在16岁以上的患者，他们在过去接受过新冠肺炎的PCR检测，并追踪了他们的症状。
结果发表在杂志上自然通讯周三发现，六个月后，在31，000多名有症状的COVID患者中，6%的人报告完全没有康复。另有42%的人认为他们只是部分恢复。
报告无恢复的患者更可能是女性，在患有COVID时曾住院，并有多种潜在疾病。
Long COVID symptoms among symptomatic vs. asymptomatic patients
自然通讯
当研究小组观察症状时，他们发现最常见的是疲劳，其次分别是头痛、肌肉疼痛、关节痛和呼吸困难。
无症状感染的患者在几个月后出现症状的风险并没有增加。
此外，在感染前接受至少一剂新冠肺炎疫苗可以降低一些症状的风险，包括味觉和/或嗅觉改变、食欲不振、思维混乱和注意力难以集中。
“我们的研究很重要，因为它增加了我们对普通人群中长COVID的了解，而不仅仅是那些需要因新冠肺炎而住院的人，”公共关系学教授、首席作者吉尔·佩尔说健康格拉斯哥大学的一位教授说声明。
“通过将症状与未受感染的症状进行比较，我们能够区分新冠肺炎病毒引起的健康问题和无论如何都会发生的健康问题，”声明继续说道。
当已清除活动性感染的患者在康复后仍有持续超过四周的症状时，就会出现长期COVID。在某些情况下，这些症状会持续数月甚至数年。
据报道，患者可能会经历各种挥之不去的症状，包括疲劳，呼吸困难，头痛，脑雾，关节和肌肉疼痛，以及味觉和嗅觉的持续丧失疾病控制和预防中心。
作者提到了一些限制，包括大多数参与者是白人，因为这项研究是在苏格兰进行的，那里96%的人口是白人。
“因此，重要的是，种族特异性的结果要由其他具有更多种族多样性人群的长期COVID研究来报告，”作者写道。
此外，在从未检测出COVID阳性的对照组中也报告了一些常见症状。与COVID感染最密切相关的症状是呼吸困难、胸痛、心悸和失去味觉和嗅觉。
Nearly half of COVID survivors haven't fully recovered 6 months later: Study
Nearly half of COVID-19 survivors may havesymptoms of long COVIDmonths after they were first infected, a new study suggests.
Researchers from acrossScotlandlooked at more than 33,000 patients over the age of 16 with a confirmed PCR test for COVID-19 in the past and tracked their symptoms.
Results, published in the journalNature CommunicationsWednesday, found that six months later, of the more than 31,000 patients who had had symptomatic COVID, 6% reported not having recovered at all. An additional 42% felt they were only partially recovered.
Patients who reported no recovery were more likely to be women, to have been hospitalized when they had COVID, and to have multiple underlying conditions.
When the team looked at symptoms, they found the most common was tiredness, followed by headache, muscles aches, joint pain and difficulty breathing, respectively.
Patients with an asymptomatic infection were not at increased risk of experiencing symptoms months later.
What's more, having received at least one dose of a COVID-19 vaccine prior to infection reduced the risk of some symptoms including change in taste and/or smell, poor appetite, confusion and difficulty concentrating.
"Our study is important because it adds to our understanding of long-COVID in the general population, not just in those people who need to be admitted to hospital with COVID-19," lead author Jill Pell, a professor of publichealthat the University of Glasgow, said in astatement.
"By comparing symptoms with those uninfected, we were able to distinguish between health problems that are due to COVID-19 and health problems that would have happened anyway," the statement continued.
Long COVID occurs when patients who have cleared the active infection still have symptoms lasting more than four weeks after recovering. In some cases, these symptoms can persist for months or even years.
Patients can experience a variety of lingering symptoms including fatigue, difficulty breathing, headaches, brain fog, joint and muscle pain, and continued loss of taste and smell, according to theCenters for Disease Control and Prevention.
The authors mentioned some limitations including that most of the participants were white because the study was conducted in Scotland, which has a 96% white population.
"Therefore, it is important that ethnic-specific outcomes are reported by other long-COVID studies with more ethnically diverse populations," the authors wrote.
Additionally, some of the common symptoms were also reported among a control group who had never tested positive for COVID. The symptoms that were most strongly associated with COVID infection were breathlessness, chest pain, palpitations and loss of taste and smell.
