联储周三大幅加息，这是一系列借贷成本上升的最新一次，央行试图遏制接近历史水平的通胀，同时避免经济下滑。
美联储将基准利率上调了0.75%，重复了前两次会议中的加息动作。今年之前，美联储上一次如此大幅度加息是在1994年。
一周多一点后，搬家来了高于预期的通胀报告显示，8月份价格略有上涨，加剧了美国家庭的成本困境，并导致美国经济下滑标准普尔500指数经历了2022年最糟糕的一天。
美联储已经提出一连串激进的利率上调最近几个月，中国试图通过放缓经济和抑制需求来抑制价格上涨。但这种方法有可能让美国陷入衰退，并导致数百万人失业。
美联储主席杰罗姆·鲍威尔(Jerome Powell)周三重申了美联储将通胀率降至2%的目标水平的承诺，称美联储预计将“持续提高”其基准利率。
“我们既有我们需要的工具，也有代表美国家庭和企业恢复价格稳定的决心，”鲍威尔说。
在周三的一份声明中，美联储将美国经济描述为一个与高价格斗争的经济。
美联储表示:“通胀仍在上升，反映出与疫情、食品和能源价格上涨以及更广泛的价格压力相关的供需失衡。”
“最近的指标表明，支出和生产出现了适度增长。最近几个月就业增长强劲，失业率保持在低水平，”声明补充道。
在宣布加息前几个小时，美国一些最大银行的首席执行官拉响警报在国会作证时，他警告说，价格上涨将需要美联储进一步增加借贷成本，这将减缓经济增长，并带来广泛的金融痛苦。
鲍威尔在倾向保守的卡托研究所举行的会议上发表讲话本月早些时候说中央银行必须采取“直接、有力”的行动来抑制通货膨胀。
然而，加息产生了喜忧参半的结果。以年度为基础，消费价格略有下降，但仍然很高。
美国劳工统计局(Bureau of Labor Statistics)的数据显示，截至8月份，消费者价格指数(CPI)同比上涨8.3%，较7月份的8.5%略有放缓。
不过，一些价格已经大幅下跌。该局表示，8月份天然气价格下降了10.6%。
与此同时，加息似乎已经放缓了经济的关键领域，例如，推高抵押贷款利率和减缓新屋建设。
尽管如此，其他指标显示美国经济仍在继续增长。
美国的招聘从高速下降，但是8月份保持强劲美国劳工统计局(Bureau of Labor Statistics月初公布的数据显示，随着更多人寻找工作，美国经济增加了31.5万个就业岗位，失业率升至3.7%。
周三下午，在加息消息宣布后，各主要股指均小幅下跌。
Fed hikes benchmark rate 0.75% in significant escalation of inflation fight
The Federal Reserve instituted a dramatic interest rate hike on Wednesday, the latest in a series of borrowing cost increases, as the central bank tries to dial back near-historic inflation while avoiding an economic downturn.
The Fed raised the benchmark interest rate by 0.75%, repeating the same hike it imposed at each of the last two meetings. Prior to this year, the Fed last matched a hike of this magnitude in 1994.
The move arrives a little more than a week after ahigher-than-expectedinflation report revealed that prices rose slightly in August, worsening the cost woes for U.S. households and sending the S&P 500 tumbling for its worst day of 2022.
The Fed has put forwarda string of aggressive interest rate hikesin recent months as it tries to slash price increases by slowing the economy and choking off demand. But the approach risks tipping the U.S. into a recession and putting millions out of work.Federal Reserve Chair Jerome Powell on Wednesday reasserted the central bank's commitment to bring inflation down to a target rate of 2%, saying the Fed expects to put forward "ongoing increases" to its benchmark interest rate.
"We have both the tools we need and the resolve it will take to restore price stability on behalf of American families and businesses," Powell said.
In a statement on Wednesday, the Federal Reserve depicted the U.S. economy as one struggling with high prices.
"Inflation remains elevated, reflecting supply and demand imbalances related to the pandemic, higher food and energy prices, and broader price pressures," the Federal Reserve said
"Recent indicators point to modest growth in spending and production. Job gains have been robust in recent months, and the unemployment rate has remained low," the statement added.
Hours before the rate hike announcement, chief executives at some of the largest U.S. bankssounded the alarmover sky-high inflation in testimony before Congress, warning that price hikes would require further borrowing cost increases from the Federal Reserve that will slow the economy and impose widespread financial pain.
Speaking at a conference held by the conservative-leaning Cato Institute, Powellsaid earlier this monththat the central bank must act "forthrightly, strongly" to dial back inflation.
The rate hikes have yielded mixed results, however. On an annual basis, consumer prices have moderated slightly but remain highly elevated.
The consumer price index rose 8.3% over the past year as of August, a slight slowdown from 8.5% in July, according to the Bureau of Labor Statistics.
Some prices have already fallen significantly, though. Gas prices dropped 10.6% in August, the bureau said.
Meanwhile, rate increases appear to have slowed key sectors of the economy, sending mortgage rates higher and slowing the construction of new homes, for instance.
Still, other indicators suggest the U.S. economy continues to hum.
U.S. hiring fell from its breakneck pace butremained robust in August, with the economy adding 315,000 jobs and the unemployment rate rising to 3.7% as more people sought work, according to data released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics in early September.
On Wednesday afternoon, immediately after the rate hike announcement, each of the major stock indexes had fallen slightly.
