乌克兰总统弗拉基米尔·泽伦斯基(Volodymyr Zelenskyy)周二在联合国安理会(United Nations Security Council)发表热情洋溢的讲话，发出挑战，敦促联合国最强大的机构要么采取行动，要么“彻底解散”

这是对坐在纽约历史性会议厅的世界外交官的挑战，在这里，任何谴责俄罗斯入侵的行动都被俄罗斯作为联合国安理会常任理事国的否决权所阻止。

但这也是对联合国系统本身的严厉谴责，该系统是在第二次世界大战的灰烬中创建的，旨在确保国际和平与安全。

联合国援助机构正在当地提供援助，其人权负责人正在监测报道的战争罪行，包括基辅郊区布加勒斯特被谋杀的平民的新的令人震惊的图像，近四分之三的成员加入了谴责俄罗斯的入侵。

但这些都没有阻止俄罗斯领导人弗拉基米尔·普京推翻乌克兰政府并征服该国的残酷运动，

“安全理事会需要保证的安全在哪里?”泽伦斯基问道。“很明显，这是世界上最重要的机构...根本无法有效工作。”

联合国高级官员出席了星期二的会议，包括秘书长安东尼奥·古特雷斯，他哀叹战争正在加剧粮食和燃料危机，并有可能使世界各地更多的人陷入饥饿。

“由于所有这些原因，现在越来越迫切需要停止枪炮。...乌克兰的战争必须停止——现在就停止,”他对国会表示。

但古特雷斯和其他联合国外交官数周的谴责在莫斯科被置若罔闻，莫斯科继续利用其在安理会的突出地位传播关于战争的虚假信息，并指责乌克兰进行挑衅、撒谎和造假。周二，其特使瓦西里·内本斯亚再次反复表示，目击者和记者在布加勒斯特报道的暴行是“上演的”

一些批评人士称，未能指责内本斯亚几乎每天都在发表虚假声明，是联合国的公信力在危机期间遭受打击的另一种方式。

在他的讲话中，泽伦斯基本人表示，如果联合国不采取行动惩罚俄罗斯入侵他的国家，“如果你除了对话什么也做不了”，联合国可能会“完全关闭”

美国驻联合国大使琳达·托马斯·格林菲尔德(Linda Thomas-Greenfield)在会后的一次采访中温和地反驳了这一点，告诉BBC Zelensky“不完全正确”

“没有人可以质疑他对安理会和安理会如何运作的失望。俄罗斯人确实有否决权。但是我已经一遍又一遍地说过——他们不能否决我们的声音，他们不能否决他的声音，”托马斯-格林菲尔德说。

约翰·明奇洛/美联社

Vasily Alekseevich Nebenzya，俄罗斯常驻联合国代表..

但是泽伦斯基明确表示，对乌克兰来说，这还不够。

他要求“俄罗斯军方和那些给他们下命令的人必须立即被绳之以法”——敦促“完全的真相和完全的责任。”当他详述在布加勒斯特和其他地方的可怕暴行时，他说，在俄罗斯军队仍然控制的城市里，还会发现更糟糕的事情。

但他也呼吁对联合国系统进行全面改革。他说，这个国际机构没有达到二战后在旧金山成立时设定的目标，如果不进行改革，这些目标就无法实现。他呼吁将俄罗斯驱逐出安理会，或者在一次全球会议上对其进行改革，包括终止否决权。

“否决权不是死亡的权利，”他补充道。“不再有例外或特权。”

目前没有将俄罗斯驱逐出安理会或联合国大会的努力，安理会或大会是联合国的主要机构，所有193个国家都有投票权，但其决议不具有约束力。从联合国驱逐需要安理会自己的建议，然后由联合国大会投票表决。俄罗斯在安理会拥有否决权。

与其他四个常任理事国中国、美国、英国和法国都拥有否决权，这使得安理会甚至无权通过谴责克里姆林宫入侵的决议。

不管怎样，普京似乎不在乎像联合国决议这样的纸面谴责。他发动战争的那个晚上，炸弹开始落在乌克兰各地，联合国外交官深夜同时在纽约开会，讨论战争的威胁，他们的话听起来更加空洞。

美国没有完全驱逐俄罗斯，而是与包括乌克兰在内的盟友和伙伴一起推动暂停俄罗斯在联合国人权理事会的成员资格。该机构的47名成员由联合国会员国选举产生，任期三年，但一个国家可以在联合国大会上以三分之二的多数票被暂停资格。

“我们的投票能带来真正的改变。俄罗斯加入联合国人权理事会损害了理事会的信誉，损害了整个联合国，这是完全错误的。让我们团结起来，做正确的事，为乌克兰人民做正确的事，”托马斯-格林菲尔德对她的外交官同事们说。

美国官员曾表示，他们认为自己拥有必要的票数，这指向了联合国大会此前分别以141票和140票通过的谴责俄罗斯入侵的两项决议。托马斯-格林菲尔德表示，投票最早可能于周四举行。

虽然只有另一个国家面临过这种指责——2011年穆阿迈尔·卡扎菲的部队向抗议者开火后的利比亚——但俄罗斯已经拒绝了这种努力，内本扎誓言没有什么能阻止克里姆林宫的运动。

他说，“我们需要切除正在吞噬乌克兰并最终将开始吞噬俄罗斯的恶性纳粹肿瘤，我们将实现这一目标，我希望尽快实现，因为没有其他结果。”

Zelenskyy challenges UN to punish Russia or 'simply close' its doors: ANALYSIS

In an impassioned address to the United Nations Security Council Tuesday, Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy laid down the gauntlet -- urging the U.N.'s most powerful body to either act or "dissolve yourself altogether."

It was a challenge to the world's diplomats sitting in the historic chamber in New York, where any action to even condemn Russia's invasion has been blocked by Russia's veto power as a permanent member of the U.N. Security Council.

But it was also a searing indictment of the U.N. system itself, created in the ashes of World War II to ensure international peace and security.

U.N. aid agencies are on the ground providing assistance, its human rights chief is monitoring reported war crimes, including new, shocking images of murdered civilians in the Kyiv suburb of Bucha, and nearly three-fourths of its members have joined to condemn Russia's invasion.

But none of that has stopped Russian leader Vladimir Putin's brutal campaign to topple the Ukrainian government and subjugate the country,

"Where is the security that the Security Council needs to guarantee?" Zelenskyy asked. "It is obvious the key institution of the world ... simply cannot work effectively."

Top U.N. officials attended the session Tuesday, including Secretary-General Antonio Guterres, who lamented how the war was now fueling food and fuel crises and threatening to throw more people around the world into hunger.

"For all these reasons, it is more urgent by the day to silence the guns. ... The war in Ukraine must stop -- now," he told the chamber.

But weeks of condemnation by Guterres and other U.N. diplomats have fallen on deaf ears in Moscow, which continues to use its prominent perch on the Security Council to spread disinformation about the war and accuse Ukraine of provocations, lies, and fakes. On Tuesday, its envoy Vasily Nebenzya again spoke repeatedly to say the atrocities reported by eyewitnesses and journalists in Bucha were "staged."

The failure to reproach Nebenzya for his near daily false claims is yet another way the U.N.'s credibility has taken a hit during the crisis, according to some critics.

In his remarks, Zelenskyy himself said the U.N. could be "simply closed" if it doesn't act to punish Russia for its invasion of his country -- "if there is nothing that you can do besides conversation."

U.S. Ambassador to the U.N. Linda Thomas-Greenfield pushed back on that gently in an interview after the session, telling the BBC Zelensky "is not exactly right."

"No one can question his frustration with the council and how the council operates. The Russians do have veto power. But I have said over and over again -- they cannot veto our voices, they can't veto his voice," Thomas-Greenfield said.

But Zelenskyy made clear that for Ukraine, that is not enough.

He demanded that "the Russian military and those who gave them orders must be brought to justice immediately" -- urging for "complete truth and full accountability." As he detailed horrific atrocities in Bucha and elsewhere - he said worse is yet to be discovered in the cities still held by Russian forces.

But he also called for wholesale reform of the U.N. system -- saying that the international body has not lived up to the goals set out at its founding in San Francisco after World War II, and that those goals cannot be reached without reforms. He called for Russia to be expelled from the Security Council or for it to be reformed at a global conference, including ending the veto power.

"The veto is not the right to die," he added. "No more exceptions or privileges."

There is no effort underway to expel Russia from the Security Council or the General Assembly, the U.N.'s main chamber -- where all 193 countries have a vote, but whose resolutions are non-binding. An expulsion from the U.N. requires a recommendation from the Security Council itself -- where Russia wields that veto power -- and then a vote by the General Assembly.

That veto power -- shared with the four other permanent members China, the U.S., the United Kingdom, and France -- has rendered the Security Council powerless to even pass a resolution condemning the Kremlin's invasion.

Either way, Putin seems to care little for paper condemnations like U.N. resolutions. The night he launched his war and the bombs started to fall across Ukraine, U.N. diplomats were meeting at the same time in New York late at night to discuss the threat of war, their words ringing even more hollow.

Instead of fully expelling Russia, the U.S. is pushing with its allies and partners, including Ukraine, to suspend Russia from the U.N. Human Rights Council. The body's 47 members are elected among U.N. member states for three-year terms, but a country can be suspended with a two-thirds majority vote in the U.N. General Assembly.

"Our votes can make a real difference. Russia's participation in the U.N. Human Rights Council hurts the council's credibility, it undermines the entire U.N., and it is just plain wrong. Let us come together to do what is right and do right by the Ukrainian people," Thomas-Greenfield told her fellow diplomats in the chamber.

U.S. officials have said they believe they have the votes necessary -- pointing to two previous resolutions passed by the General Assembly to condemn Russia's invasion with 141 and 140 votes, respectively. A vote could be held as soon as Thursday, Thomas-Greenfield said.

While only one other country has faced that kind of censure -- Libya in 2011 after Muammar Gaddafi's forces opened fire on protesters -- Russia has already dismissed the efforts, with Nebenzya vowing nothing will stop the Kremlin's campaign.

"We need to cut out the malignant Nazi tumor that is consuming Ukraine and would in time begin to consume Russia, and we will achieve that goal, I hope sooner rather than later, because there is no other outcome," he said.