共和国总统乔·拜登计划于周五宣布，美国将向一个寻求分配的联合国支持的项目捐款20亿美元新冠肺炎（新型冠状病毒肺炎）疫苗人的剂量根据拜登政府高级官员的说法。
国会已经在12月份拨款给美国国际开发署，向国际疫苗分销联盟Gavi提供资金。国会总共提供了40亿美元，官员们说，美国将在今年和2022年期间把其余的钱交给Gavi。
白宫表示，拜登打算在七国集团(G7)领导人的一次虚拟会议上宣布这一举措。尽管如此，美国仍在努力解决本国人口接种疫苗剂量不足的问题较贫穷国家的情况更糟。
迄今为止，10个国家已经管理了新冠肺炎75%的领土疫苗联合国周三表示，虽然130多个国家尚未接受一剂药物。
许多国家无法与美国等富裕国家竞争，从制造商那里购买有限的疫苗剂量。免疫联盟与世界卫生组织和流行病防备创新联盟基金会合作，开展了一项名为“COVAX”的全球疫苗接种倡议，旨在通过更公平地分配剂量来解决这一差距。
尽管那时唐纳德·特朗普总统签署成为法律去年12月的一项法案将40亿美元拨给了免疫联盟，此前他拒绝支持COVAX，他的政府也采取行动切断了与世界卫生组织的联系。
拜登戏剧性地扭转了这种做法，让美国留在世界卫生组织并把在全球范围内抗击新冠肺炎大流行作为国家安全的首要任务。
但事实证明，疫苗剂量有限使得全球疫情结束变得复杂。
到目前为止，美国已经购买了6亿剂疫苗，但它不打算将其中任何一剂给其他国家，直到——像拜登一样导演在1月21日的备忘录中，“美国有足够的供应”
一名政府高级官员周四表示，“对COVAX的这一承诺丝毫不影响美国的疫苗接种计划。”
这位官员说:“虽然我们目前无法共享疫苗剂量，但我们正专注于美国疫苗接种和武装注射，我们正在努力支持COVAX，加强全球疫苗接种，并确定美国何时有足够的供应并能够捐赠剩余疫苗的时间表。”
与此同时，作为“疫苗外交”的一种形式，中国和俄罗斯向合作伙伴和发展中国家捐赠了一定剂量的国产新冠肺炎疫苗美国尚未效仿。
政府官员认为给国外的人接种疫苗可以保护健康美国国内。
这位官员说:“减少疾病负担可以降低世界上每个人的风险，包括美国人。”“它还降低了变异发生的风险，就像我们现在看到的那样。因此，在全球范围内增加疫苗接种至关重要，而我们当然会优先考虑国内的疫苗接种。”
这位官员表示，首批20亿美元将“在几天至几周内”捐赠，“最好在本月底之前”。这位官员说，在额外的20亿美元中，美国计划“相当迅速地”捐出首批5亿美元，“以刺激其中一些初始剂量出现”，但它打算至少在最初抑制其余部分，以鼓励其他国家做出自己的承诺。
这位官员补充说:“除非我们在全球范围内结束这场流行病，否则它不会结束。”。
Biden to announce US will donate $4 billion for COVID-19 vaccines for poor countries
President Joe Biden plans to announce on Friday that the United States will contribute $2 billion to a U.N.-backed program seeking to distribute COVID-19 vaccine doses to people in the poorest countries in the world, according to senior Biden administration officials.
Congress had already allocated the money in December for the U.S. Agency for International Development to provide to Gavi, an international vaccine distribution alliance. Congress provided a total of $4 billion and the officials said that the U.S. would give the rest to Gavi over the course of this year and 2022.
The move, which the White House said Biden intends to announce during a virtual meeting of the Group of Seven leaders, comes as the United States grapples with not yet having enough doses to vaccinate its own population, although the situation in poorer nations is far worse.
To date, 10 countries have administered 75% of all COVID-19 vaccines, while more than 130 countries have not yet received a single dose, the United Nations said Wednesday.
Many countries are unable to compete with wealthier ones like the U.S. to purchase the limited amounts of vaccine doses available from manufacturers. In conjunction with the World Health Organization and the Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations foundation, Gavi runs a worldwide vaccination initiative called COVAX that aims to address that disparity by more equitably distributing doses.
Even though then-President Donald Trump signed into law a December bill that allocated the $4 billion to Gavi, he had previously refused to back COVAX and his administration also moved to cut ties with the World Health Organization.
Biden has dramatically reversed that approach, keeping the U.S. in the WHO and making battling the COVID-19 pandemic worldwide a national security priority.
But bringing the global outbreak to an end has proved complicated with limited availability of vaccine doses.
The United States has so far purchased 600 million vaccine doses, but it does not intend to give any of them to other countries until -- as Biden directed in a Jan. 21 memorandum -- "there is sufficient supply in the United States."
A senior administration official said Thursday that "this pledge to COVAX does not impact the vaccination program in the United States at all."
"While we're not able to share vaccine doses at this time while we're focused on American vaccinations and getting shots into arms," the official said, "we're working hard to support COVAX, strengthen global vaccination around the world and determining the timeline for when we will have a sufficient supply in the United States and be able to donate surplus vaccines."
China and Russia, meanwhile, have donated doses of their homegrown COVID-19 vaccines to partners and developing countries as a form of "vaccine diplomacy." The United States has not yet followed suit.
The administration officials argued that vaccinating people abroad protected the health of Americans domestically.
"Decreasing the burden of disease decreases the risk to everyone in the world, including Americans," the official said. "It also decreases the risk of variants occurring, like those that we're seeing now. So it's critically important to surge vaccination globally, while we're, of course, prioritizing vaccinations here at home."
The official said the first $2 billion tranche would be donated "within days to weeks" and "ideally by the end of this month." Of the additional $2 billion, the U.S. plans to contribute the first $500 million of it "rather quickly" to "spur some of those initial doses to be out there," but it intends to at least initially hold back the rest to encourage other countries to make pledges of their own, the official said.
"This pandemic is not going to end unless we end it globally," the official added.
