随着越来越多的美国人现在有资格参加COVID-19拍摄，许多人正在经历排队、网站崩溃和报名混乱。

特朗普政府最近敦促各州开始为65岁以上的成年人接种疫苗，并宣布将向各州发放所有剂量，而不是其先前保留第二剂的战略。这个想法是，当人们需要第二剂的时候，将会有更多的制造和库存。

目标:解决慢于预期的推出。迄今为止，已有近3000万剂疫苗被送往各州，但其中只有1000万剂注射成功。

“这是毁灭性的。我们在研制这种疫苗方面取得了有生以来最伟大的科学成就。流行病学家、美国广播公司新闻的医学撰稿人约翰·布朗斯坦博士说:“现在突然之间，你知道，我们不能把它带给人们。

约瑟夫·普雷齐奥索/法新社通过盖蒂图像

药剂师杰森·海德作为第一反应者在注射器中注入现代新冠肺炎疫苗

一些公共卫生专家表示，释放更多剂量的决定将有助于更多疫苗进入美国城镇。

布朗大学公共卫生学院院长阿希什·贾博士说:“这是阿扎尔部长的一个好举措。”。“我认为他是在回应拜登团队，该团队上周表示，他们将开始释放更多疫苗。你知道，我们已经控制了太多剂量了。”

但其他专家警告称，供应并不是真正的问题。

布朗斯坦说:“我认为向市场注入更多的疫苗不一定能解决其中的一些问题。”。

相反，布朗斯坦和其他人说，瓶颈在于诊所、药店和当地卫生部门——这些部门往往人手不足，资金可能不足——被要求开展全国有史以来最大的疫苗接种运动。

“当成百上千的病人试图排队登记并确保你有足够的供应时，你真的遇到了瓶颈，”Omnicell搞活健康副总裁兼总经理丹尼·桑切斯(Danny Sanchez)说。

Yosi Health首席执行官哈里·普拉萨德(Hari Prasad)说:“我们在护理中心看到的主要痛点是缺乏信息。”“除此之外，人们不知道如何安排或去哪里预约，他们需要携带什么信息。这些都增加了痛苦点，这就是为什么我们看到的线条有时长达4小时、8小时。”

瓦莱丽·梅肯/法新社通过盖蒂图像

开幕当天，人们在迪斯尼乐园的停车场排队领取新冠肺炎疫苗

现在，像普拉萨德的Yosi Health和桑切斯的搞活健康这样的科技公司正在介入，试图帮助当地的卫生部门、医院和药店应对对这些疫苗的巨大需求。但即使是这些科技公司的高管也承认，在线预约对美国老年人或电脑使用受限的人来说是一个挑战。

桑切斯说:“很难想象我95岁的祖母会在网站上寻找链接。

在早期疫苗推出的整个过程中，甚至那些从未被设计来帮助管理全国疫苗接种运动的公司也一直在帮助人们预订和管理他们的预约。

布朗斯坦说:“社交工具，尤其是在约会场所……比如Eventbrite或Survey Monkey，或者谷歌和苹果等公司——他们都将疫苗接种作为他们真正的企业努力之一。”

专家说，现在的问题是没有一个集中的工具。相反，希望接种疫苗的人只能在几十个不同的网站上导航，其中许多网站没有任何预约，让一些人坐在电脑前刷新浏览器。

但是对于那些试图在这个过程中导航的人来说，接受美国广播公司采访的技术专家推荐了几个简单的步骤。

第一，保证能上网。如果你没有互联网或导航有困难，找一个朋友或亲戚来帮忙——或者打电话给你的初级保健提供者寻求指导。

一旦上线，你的第一站是你当地的公共卫生部门网站。在那里，你应该可以看到你是否有资格接种疫苗。尽管疾病控制和预防中心在全国范围内推荐谁有资格，但每个州和县都有自己的决定。

通过访问你所在城市的当地公共卫生部门网站，你应该能够了解你现在是否有资格，或者你是否需要等几个星期。

下一步是预约，这可能通过你的健康部门网站上的链接来实现。但是你也可能需要更广泛的研究来找到一个医生的办公室、网站或热线来帮助你获得那个位置。

一旦你设法获得了一个约会，就要为可能的等待做好准备。

公共卫生专家表示，由于越来越多的大规模疫苗接种中心和每天输送更多剂量的疫苗，这些预约可能很快就会变得更容易。

技术将会改进，会有更好的功能和新的集中的票据交换所。

布朗斯坦说:“我们经营一个名为疫苗发现者的平台，这是一个联邦政府资源，将在未来几周内上线，让人们知道他们可以去哪里回到他们的社区。

桑切斯说，他的公司希望在轮到人们接种疫苗时尽快给予提示。

与此同时，即将上任的拜登政府承诺在上任的头100天内注射1亿针。

“我认为在接下来的几个星期里，有意向帮助清理这个烂摊子。因此，我想说，如果你们中的任何一个人有能力坚持下去，试着继续做基本的非药物干预，我认为我们将在未来几周、几个月内看到我们向人们提供疫苗的方式发生真正的变化，”布朗斯坦说。

Vaccine rollout: Americans urged to 'hang tight' while booking appointments online

With a growing number of Americans now eligible for the COVID-19 shot, many are experiencing long lines, broken websites and confusion about signing up.

The Trump administration recently urging states to start vaccinating adults older than 65, and also announcing it will release all doses to the states rather than its prior strategy of reserving the second dose. The idea is that by the time people need that second dose, there will be more manufactured and already in stock.

The goal: to address the slower-than-expected rollout. So far, nearly 30 million doses have been sent to the states, but only 10 million of those first shots have been injected.

“It’s devastating. We have the greatest scientific achievement of our lifetimes in the development of this vaccine. And now all of a sudden, you know, we can't get it to people,” said Dr. John Brownstein an epidemiologist and ABC News medical contributor.

Some public health experts say the decision to release more doses will help get more vaccines out into America’s cities and towns.

“This is a good move on Secretary Azar's part,” said Dr. Ashish Jha, dean of Brown University’s School of Public Health. “I think he's responding to the Biden team, which last week said they were going to start releasing more vaccines. You know, we're holding way too many doses back.”

But other experts caution supply isn’t really the problem.

“I don't think flooding the market with a lot more vaccine is necessarily going to solve some of these problems,” said Brownstein.

Instead, Brownstein and others say the bottleneck is at the clinics, pharmacies and local health departments — which are often understaffed and potentially underfunded — that have been asked to embark on the nation’s largest-ever vaccination campaign.

“When you have hundreds and thousands of patients trying to get in queue and register and ensure that you have enough supply, you really hit a bottleneck,” said Danny Sanchez, VP and General Manager of Omnicell EnlivenHealth.

“It’s really the lack of information that is the primary pain point that we see across our care centers,” said Hari Prasad, CEO of Yosi Health. “In addition to that, people not knowing how to schedule or where to go to book their appointments, what information they need to carry with them. Those all add to the pain points as well, which is why we see lines that are sometimes four hours, eight hours long.”

Now, tech companies like Prasad’s Yosi Health and Sanchez’ Enliven Health are stepping in to try to help local health departments, hospitals and pharmacies try to cope with massive demand for these vaccines. But even these tech company executives admit that an online approach to booking appointments will be challenging for the nation’s elderly, or people with limited computer access.

“It's hard to imagine my 95-year-old grandmother getting on a website trying to find a link,” said Sanchez.

Throughout the early vaccine rollout, even companies that were never designed to help manage a national vaccination campaign have been stepping in to help people book and manage their appointments.

“Social tools, especially the looking at appointment arenas … like Eventbrite or Survey Monkey or companies like Google and Apple - they are all prioritizing vaccine uptake as one of their real sort of corporate efforts,” Brownstein said.

The problem now, experts say, is that there’s not one centralized tool. Instead, people hoping to get a vaccine are left navigating dozens of different websites, many of which don’t have any available appointments lots, leaving some people sitting in front of their computers, refreshing their browsers.

But for those trying to navigate the process, tech experts interviewed by ABC News recommended a few simple steps.

First, ensure you can get online. If you don’t have the internet or have trouble navigating, find a friend or relative who can help — or call your primary care provider for guidance.

Once online, your first stop is your local public health department website. There, you should be able to see if you are eligible for the vaccine. Although the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has nationwide recommendations for who is eligible, each state and county makes its own determination.

By visiting your city’s local public health department website, you should be able to learn whether you are eligible right now, or if you might have to wait a few weeks.

The next step is booking an appointment, which might be possible by following links on your health department’s website. But you also might have to more extensive research to find a doctor's office, website, or hotline that will help you secure that slot.

And once you manage to secure an appointment, be prepared for a possible wait.

Public health specialists said it will likely soon get easier to make those appointments, thanks to a growing number of mass vaccination centers and the delivery of more doses every day.

And technology will improve, with better features and new, centralized clearinghouses.

“We run a platform called Vaccine Finder,” said Brownstein, “which is a government resource at the federal level that will go live in the coming weeks to allow people to figure out where they can go to get back into their communities.

And Sanchez says his company hopes to soon prompt people when it’s their turn to get vaccinated.

Meanwhile, the incoming Biden administration has promised 100 million injections in the first 100 days in office.

“I think that there is intention to help clean up this mess in the next several weeks. And so, I would say if any of you have the ability to hang tight, try to keep doing the basic non-pharmaceutical interventions, I think we're going to see in the coming weeks, months a real change in the way that we're getting vaccines out to people,” Brownstein said.